Average temperature in the city by month:
Tolyatti through the eyes of a resident. About climate, ecology, areas, real estate prices and work in the city. Pros and cons of living in Tolyatti. Reviews from residents and those who moved to the city.
General information and history of Togliatti
Tolyatti is the administrative center of the Stavropol region and one of largest cities Samara region, located directly opposite the picturesque Zhiguli Mountains.
This left bank Volga city had every chance of becoming typical representative quiet provincial “settlements”, known only to its indigenous inhabitants. However, today Tolyatti is known not only in Russia, but also abroad. And there are several reasons for this.
The first is AvtoVAZ, which, despite many jokes and jokes, to this day remains one of the largest automobile factories in Russia and allows Tolyatti to bear the proud name of the automobile capital.
The second is the population size (according to statistics, Tolyatti is the largest non-capital city in Russia - the so-called sub-millionaire city, which currently has more than 700,000 residents).
The third is talented Togliatti residents (mainly athletes), who brought the city world fame(Alexey Nemov, Vitaly Groysman, Ilya Bryzgalov, Alexander Gerunov).
And finally, the fourth is a rich history, covered in many secrets and legends. Let's lift the veil of secrecy and begin our acquaintance with the City of the Holy Cross (another unofficial name of Tolyatti).
First there was a fortress built by Vasily Tatishchev in 1737 and called Stavropol. Until the 20th century, Stavropol was a very, very modest (even by the standards of that time) settlement with 6,000 inhabitants, one hospital, two hotels and 4 windmills. Therefore, the decision to transform Stavropol into a rural settlement due to economic insolvency, made in 1924, seems quite logical. Stavropol residents regained the right to be called townspeople only 22 years later - in 1946.
The city experienced its rebirth in the early 1950s, when the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to build a hydroelectric complex (Zhigulevskaya HPP) on the Volga. Saving the city from burial under the thickness of the “artificial” sea, Stavropol is moved to a new location and given a new life to it as a dynamically developing industrial city. The Volzhskaya HPP named after Lenin, an electrical plant, the Volgocemmash plant, a number of chemical enterprises, the Volzhsky Automobile Plant - all this is being built in record time, attracting thousands of young people from all over the country to the “new” Volga city.
Just 20 years after moving to a new location, the population increased 20 times (12,000 residents in the early 1950s and 251,000 citizens in 1970). Then, in the mid-1970s, it was decided to rename Stavropol to Tolyatti. Apparently, the name of the Italian communist Palmiro Togliatti seemed more harmonious to the country's leadership at that time than Stavropol (translated from Greek as “city of the cross”).
Ecology and climate of Togliatti
In general, the climate of Tolyatti can be defined as clearly continental. This means that in summer it is hot here (on average +21), and in winter it is quite cold (again, on average -11). The proximity of the Kuibyshev reservoir and the forests separating the city's districts have a beneficial (mitigating) effect on the climate.
For a long time Tolyatti residents (especially people of the older generation) determined the weather “according to Moscow” (and, I must say, very successfully). For example, if a sharp cold snap is announced in Moscow today, then in 2 days it’s time to get warmer clothes for the residents of the automobile capital. However, in the last 2-3 years this pattern has been breaking down more and more often. And the weather both in Togliatti and throughout the Samara region is in most cases determined by southern regions our vast homeland.
The ecological situation of the city leaves much to be desired. And if previously the main culprits here were the largest industrial enterprises, shrouding the city in a bluish haze of atmospheric emissions (residents of the Central region suffer especially), today the main source of air pollution is transport (cars account for about 70% of harmful substances emitted into the atmosphere). According to statistics, every third Togliatti resident is a car owner. Along with vital oxygen, dust, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds pass through the lungs of Togliatti residents (to a greater or lesser extent, depending on where they live) every day.
Such a disastrous situation is saved by the introduction of modern wastewater treatment plants into production (thanks to them, industrial pollution in the city has halved over the past 10 years), as well as vast areas of green space within the city and forests outside it.
Population of Tolyatti
In terms of the number of people living in the city, Tolyatti ranks honorably 19th in Russia (707,408 people as of January 1, 2018). Among non-regional cities, it ranks first.
Of particular note is the Avtozavodsky district of the city, which is the most densely populated area in the Volga region. More than 440 thousand people live on its territory, which is more than 50 percent of the city’s total population. For example, more than 157 people live in the Central District, and 120,000 live in the Komsomolsky District.
This imbalance is caused by the fact that the AvtoVAZ, famous throughout Russia, which produces Lada cars, is located in the Avtozavodsky district. Most of the working population of the area works at this plant.
Tolyatti is a unique city. The point is that he is the only city in the Samara province, in which over the past years it has been recorded natural increase population. In 2013, in Tolyatti, the number of joyful occasions associated with the birth of a child exceeded the number of mourning events associated with the burial of the deceased by approximately 1 thousand.
The main cause of death for Tolyatti residents is diseases of the circulatory system. Over the past year, this disease accounted for 52.4% of deaths. The average age of the deceased was 70.5 years. At the age of 65, Tolyatti residents most often die from malignant neoplasms (17.2%), and at 42, the most common cause of death is injury and poisoning (10%).
Of the almost 708,000 people living in Togliatti, about 455 thousand people are able to work. 113 thousand city residents have not yet reached the age to earn pocket money. The remaining population enjoys the well-deserved right to rest after several decades of labor exploits. More precisely, they have the right to rest in retirement, but often continue to work even after reaching retirement age. So what to do? After all, the size of the average pension does not inspire optimism.
As for gender distribution, Tolyatti presents a classic picture, very common not only in Russia, but throughout the world - there are more women than men. According to the latest data, almost 388 thousand representatives of the weaker sex and 320 thousand representatives of the stronger sex live in the city.
To date average age Togliatti residents are 38.4 years old, which is slightly lower than the figure for the Samara region (40 years) or for Russia (39 years). That’s why the slogan “Togliatti is a city of young people!”, which appeared a couple of years ago in local media mass media seems entirely justified.
The next most important factor determining the “face” of a city is the level of education of the population. Just 20 years ago, almost 85% of Tolyatti residents could boast of diplomas from secondary specialized or higher educational institutions. Fortunately, at that time the city had a sufficient number of educational institutions at various levels.
Paradoxically, despite the fact that today the number of schools has increased to 123, and there are about 20 universities, the average Togliatti resident has become less educated. The main problem is that all universities today operate on a commercial basis, and an ordinary factory worker with a salary of 15 thousand rubles a month can hardly afford to pay 70 thousand rubles a year for his child’s education. Of course, there are budget places, but getting into them is extremely difficult (either familiarity with the right people, or a 100-point result on the Unified State Exam).
Districts and real estate of Togliatti
Until recently (namely, 2006), the city of Togliatti included three large districts: Avtozavodsky, Central and Komsomolsky. However, in the summer of 2006, it was decided to also include a number of nearby settlements into the city. We are talking about the village of Novomatyushkino, the urban-type settlements of Fedorovka and Povolzhsky, as well as the village of Zagorodny.
In the spring of 2009, the structure of the administrative-geographical division of Tolyatti became even “slimmer” after the above-mentioned suburban settlements became part of three large districts, receiving the status of microdistricts.
Despite the fact that all three areas are within reach (a trip from one to another takes from 20 minutes to an hour depending on the route chosen), each of them has its own face, its own character and features unique to it. To see this, we suggest taking a virtual tour of the streets and nooks and crannies of each of them.
First on our list is the Avtozavodsky district (more often referred to by Tolyatti residents as “New City”, “Novik” or “Avtograd”), the administrative separation of which took place in 1972. The Avtozavodsky district includes 26 residential blocks located in the so-called “square-cluster method”, i.e. all streets intersect at right angles. In terms of population, the Avtozavodsky district is the undisputed leader not only within Togliatti, but also in the entire Volga region. Today, about 442,000 residents live here.
The face of the new city is the factory workers. Young people 25-35 years old who have dedicated their lives to the Russian automobile industry and every morning at 7 am crowd at city stops waiting for factory routes. Most of them are not burdened with higher education, and therefore they prefer to spend their well-deserved weekends not in libraries, theaters and museums (of which there are about 100 in Tolyatti), but in city parks of culture and recreation or on intra-block alleys. The main condition for a successful evening is a comfortable bench and a couple of bottles of your favorite beer.
For the purpose of “cultivation”, modern “proletarians” visit cinemas from time to time (fortunately Lately their number in the city has grown noticeably - there are separate halls in every major shopping center). Guys and girls who are not burdened with a family would not mind celebrating the end of the work week in a nightclub (there are 17 of them in the city), while married couples prefer a quiet family holiday in a cafe.
Being almost the same age as its inhabitants, the Avtozavodsky district boasts an excellent housing stock. More than 1,300 1,2 and 3-room apartments in relatively new panel and brick houses are waiting for their new owner. Here you can also find economy class accommodation at secondary market, where the cost per square meter is about 35,000 rubles, and buy a completely “fresh” apartment in a new building, the square meter of which ranges from 40,000 to 50,000 rubles.
The central district (or “Old Town” - by analogy with the “new”) is located directly in the central part of the city (hence the name). In the west, its neighbor is the Avtozavodsky district, and in the east - Komsomolsky. Despite this seemingly territorially advantageous location, the Central District is significantly smaller than the Avtozavodsky District. About 158,000 people permanently live here. However, it is considered to be the administrative center of the city.3
On the territory of the Central District there is the building of the city hall and the Togliatti City Duma, the Togliatti Museum of Local Lore, a monument to the founder of the city V.N. Tatishchev, the city museum complex “Heritage”, the memorial complex “City Creators” and many more interesting cultural and architectural monuments telling about the rich history of this Volga city.
The condition of the local housing stock fully corresponds to the unofficial name of the area (Old Town). Most of the buildings here were built during the times of Stalin and Khrushchev and since then major renovation was practically not exposed. However, this does not particularly affect the cost of housing. A square meter on the secondary housing market costs an average of 35,000 rubles, in a new building - 45,000 - 47,000.
If the design of the Avtozavodsky district is based on the so-called “square-nested” method, then the Central district is built in accordance with a radial planning system (in the center there is a city park and the central square of the Togliatti cultural center, from which streets diverge to different ends of the district).
A significant part of the Central District is occupied by the private sector, in which dilapidated rickety houses of dandelion grandmothers and luxurious comfortable cottages guarded by a pack of fighting dogs coexist in a bizarre way.
It is traditionally believed that the residents of the “old city” are more intelligent than their neighbors from Avtograd. They more often visit city theaters, museums and art galleries, often visit the Philharmonic and sometimes even look into libraries (in our age of rapidly developing virtual technologies, this cultural object, unfortunately, has every chance of sinking into oblivion). In general, many people have the impression that the people of the old city are more friendly and differ from those from “Novogorod” in exactly the same way as the residents of the city on the Neva differ from Muscovites.
A real gem of the Central District is the Portovy microdistrict (also known as Portposelok or Portgorod) - “little Switzerland”. Comfortably located on the picturesque Volga bank, it is a real decoration of the city and is traditionally considered one of the most prestigious places in Tolyatti. Luxurious multi-storey cottages immersed in lush greenery of the forest, a beautiful wooden church built with the money of parishioners, an equestrian club and the absence of typical high-rise buildings give this place a special charm. A real “piece of paradise”! True, in order to fully appreciate the beauty of living in this protected area (Port Settlement, being a monument of the socialist era, lays claim to the status of a historical and architectural reserve), you will have to fork out some money. The cost of one hundred square meters of land for building a cottage here ranges from $10,000 to $15,000.
View of Portposelok. Photo by igormo1973 (https://fotki.yandex.ru/users/igormo1973/)
Komsomolsky district (or Komsa) is the smallest of the administrative districts of Tolyatti (only 120,000 inhabitants). Even despite the fact that today it includes 4 microdistricts (the villages of Zhigulevskoye More and Shlyuzovoy, as well as the urban-type villages of Povolzhsky and Fedorovka).
However, the spool is small - but expensive. And its value is, first of all, historical. Created initially on the basis of construction camps, Komsomolsky district today is open book, telling about the large-scale construction of the Volzhskaya hydroelectric station in the mid-20th century. On its territory there are important industrial and historical objects. The first include TolyattiAzot, AvtoVAZagregat, Tolyatti River Port, VAZINTERSERVICE, as well as Komsomolsky Meat Processing Plant CJSC. The latter are represented by St. Tikhon's Church and the Annunciation Skete, built in the mid-19th century.
The Shlyuzovaya microdistrict (or rather, one of its blocks, which local residents lovingly call “little Petersburg”) deserves special attention. It seems that life here stopped many years ago. Instead of noisy highways there are narrow streets, instead of high-rise buildings there are low-rise Khrushchev and Stalin buildings, and instead of supermarkets there are good old Soviet stores with saleswomen in white caps at the counter. However, despite such an idyllic picture, real estate in the Komsomolsky district is not in high demand. After admiring the wonderful buildings of Soviet classicism, most Togliatti residents happily return to their comfortable apartments in new areas.
City infrastructure
Tolyatti, as a city that strives for 1 million inhabitants, has a well-functioning infrastructure. However, this is not without problems.
The main source of headaches is the housing and communal services, which, as in the pre-reform period, continues to surprise city residents with the constant increase in tariffs and the amounts indicated on receipts coming from nowhere. Today, it is probably impossible to find a person satisfied with the work of the housing and communal services. Memories of the transition period, when people received two receipts for payment, are still fresh utilities, and a few months later they were warned of legal action for non-payment of one of the receipts.
Tolyatti management companies service 9,757 residential buildings, which contain 219.1 thousand apartments with a total area of 14,482.7 thousand m2. 90% of this housing is privately owned. 88.2% of apartments in multi-apartment buildings have been privatized.
The largest number of buildings (5,959) are located in the Central District. There are 2,768 buildings in the Komsomolsky district. Despite the fact that the Avtozavodsky district is the largest not only in the city, but in the entire Volga region, there are “only” 891 buildings on its territory.
The vast majority of buildings in Togliatti have 1 or 2 floors (7,378). In second place are 6-, 9- and 10-story buildings. There are 708 of them in the city. Also in Tolyatti there are 656 5-story, 491 3- and 4-story, 259 12-story and higher-rise buildings.
Tolyatti has not escaped the eternal problem of bad roads. Every spring, city roads look as if they have been carpet bombed. The pits are simply terrifying in size. Considering that storm drains have not been able to cope with their task for many years, holes hidden under water pose a serious threat to motorists. It is difficult to say what this is connected with, but in 2012 the number of lawsuits against organizations responsible for the condition of the roadway increased sharply. Interestingly, all these claims were satisfied and the injured car owners received the necessary compensation.
Of course, roads are being repaired, but not at the same rate as they are being worn out. The municipality is trying to deal with potholes using pothole repair, but as the authorities themselves admit, this is just a temporary emergency option that helps to somehow normalize traffic on the road and wait for serious repairs, including replacing the entire road surface.
In addition to potholes, it is also worth noting road markings, which are washed off the road surface every spring along with melted snow.
The deplorable condition of the roads, the lack of driving culture among most local drivers and the ever-growing number of cars often lead to emergency situations. Since many roads in Togliatti are simply not designed to handle large traffic flows, one stalled car is enough to create a traffic jam several hundred meters long. During rush hour, when people are rushing home after a hard day at work, such a nuisance can completely paralyze traffic on a particular street.
One gets the impression that the city architects, when creating road junctions and intra-block passages, could not even imagine that in a city where tens of thousands of cars are produced annually, one day almost every family would have a car.
Tolyatti residents who have not yet become owners of their own means of transportation move around the city by public transport. Today in Tolyatti there are 49 bus and 22 trolleybus routes. As for minibus taxis, it is quite difficult to calculate the exact number of their routes. Today there are about 100 of them. The bus and trolleybus fleet is constantly being updated, and the Gazelles are gradually being replaced by much more comfortable foreign-made minibuses.
The city authorities of Tolyatti, with varying degrees of success, are struggling not only with such a scourge as bad roads, but also with its eternal companions - “fools”. Everyone knows that theater begins with a coat rack, and the struggle for intelligence begins with school. Historically, Tolyatti schools are used as a platform for introducing various innovative ideas and testing the latest developments in the field of secondary school education.
Today in Tolyatti there are about 100 secondary schools, with 66,117 students. 3,639 teachers are trying to impart knowledge into them. And sometimes quite successfully.
Enterprises and work in Tolyatti
Just a few years ago, Tolyatti was one of the most prosperous Russian cities from an economic point of view. The well-known Forbes magazine, compiling a ranking of the most attractive Russian cities for business, in 2008 gave Togliatti a very honorable 5th place, and called the city itself the largest economic and industrial center, which plays an important role not only in the economy of the region, but also the country as a whole.
Unfortunately, today the situation has changed significantly. And not at all better side. The global financial crisis has taken a toll on the Togliatti economy. Therefore, the once prosperous city with ambitious plans is now again forced to conquer lost positions.
The city-forming enterprise of Tolyatti is the Open Joint-Stock Company "AVTOVAZ" - a plant specializing in the production of LADA passenger cars. Today, more than 66,000 people work here, including about 5,000 temporary workers. Full package social guarantees, stability, clearly fixed working hours and the opportunity to “crawl” from time to time - all this makes the plant still the most attractive workplace for Togliatti residents.
Also on the territory of Togliatti there are several more large enterprises engineering industry. These are GM-AVTOVAZ - an automobile plant, which is the fruit of the joint work of Togliatti residents and their American colleagues, the POLAD group of companies, which is a large industrial holding company specializing in the production of a wide range of different products (from automotive to defense), Detalstroykonstruktsiya ", "Johnson Control Tolyatti" - a plant for sewing covers for cars, "VazInterService" - a company that supplies components to car assembly plants in Russia and abroad, and "AvtoVAZagregat".
The list of large industrial facilities in the city continues with two combined heat and power plants - the Volzhsky Automobile Plant CHP Plant and the Togliatti CHP Plant - and an impressive group of chemical industry enterprises. The latter is represented by TogliattiAzot, the world's largest ammonia production plant, and KuibyshevAzot, specializing in the production mineral fertilizers, as well as Togliattikauchuk, a plant producing synthetic rubber.
It is also worth noting the dynamically developing food industry (the city has its own meat processing plants, dairy and bakeries, a distillery, a champagne and cognac plant, a winery), enterprises specializing in the production of electrical equipment, factories producing plastic and rubber products and other types of industrial production.
The banking sector is well developed, there are many insurance companies actively involved in economic life Tolyatti. Small businesses are doing well.
It would seem that a city with so many large industrial facilities is simply doomed to prosperity. However, for the past several years, Tolyatti residents have been living in constant fear - “What does the coming day have in store for us?” After mass layoffs during the crisis years, the myth about the stability of work “at the bench” was finally dispelled. And wages still cannot recover from the shock and reach at least the pre-crisis level.
There are lively “discussions” taking place in the local press and at large city forums (of course, if this definition can be applied to the dialogue between statements of the federal authorities and ordinary Togliatti residents). The reason for the indignation of Avtograd residents is greatly exaggerated official statistics, according to which the average monthly salary in the city is about 20,000 - 21,000 rubles. This is understandable. After all, an ordinary factory worker (and these are the majority at AvtoVAZ) receives an average of 11-13 thousand rubles per month, an employee of Togliattikauchuk - about 12 thousand, teachers - 8-10 thousand rubles, managers of car dealerships and travel agencies - 12,000-15,000 rubles, and salespeople, cashiers, operators and other employees of federal retail chains (of which there are a great many in the city) – no more than 15,000. It doesn’t even smell like 20 thousand...
And here we must say thank you to the small, but so important for the extras, leadership team, hiding, like secret agents, in the cozy offices of the VAZ high-rise building. It is thanks to these soldiers of the invisible front with official salaries of several million rubles that the standard of living of Togliatti residents “on average” looks very decent!
Crime
Hello! We are from Tolyatti.
- Why are you threatening right away?!
Togliatti became the unofficial criminal capital back in the dashing 90s and has not yet lost this dubious glory. It was in Togliatti that 20 years ago there were fierce wars between organized criminal groups, the victims of which, unfortunately, were not only members of various organized crime groups, but also ordinary civilians. And today, city guests sometimes specially come to the city cemetery to look at the so-called “alley of heroes”, where crime bosses and members of their gangs are buried.
Why was Tolyatti attractive to criminal elements of all stripes, and what was the reason for the real massacre that took place in the city in the early 1990s? The answer is simple - it is AvtoVAZ.
It all started back in the 80s with the banal theft of auto parts, which were in great short supply in those days. Certainly, we're talking about It’s not about carrying parts in your trouser pockets or throwing boxes of spare parts over the factory fence. KamAZ trucks left the factory loaded with stolen parts. 10 years later, organized crime groups, which had already divided the city into spheres of influence, launched a real war to establish control over AvtoVAZ. No one could even think that the city would have to endure three waves of violence associated with the struggle for criminal supremacy in Tolyatti.
The bandits understood perfectly well that huge amounts of money were circulating at VAZ, but for the time being the only thing they succeeded in doing was robbing car buyers outside the plant. This was not enough. It all started with the occupation of factory checkpoints and the Zhiguli store, the only official factory store in Tolyatti.
In 1992, bandits began to control the shipment of cars from the plant. This business turned out to be the most profitable. Using a scheme developed by Vladimir Bilichenko, nicknamed “Khokhol,” organized criminal groups drove away about 30 thousand cars annually. This is too tasty a morsel for everything to go quietly and peacefully. The first conflicts began to arise between the factions.
The first Great Racketeer War began. It was initiated by the “Agievskaya” organized crime group led by Vladimir Agiy and Alexander Voronetsky, who decided to take AvtoVAZ under their sole control. To implement their plans, they turned to Oleg Khoroshev’s gang, nicknamed “Podarok”, which agreed to shoot competitors for a substantial reward.
The first target of the “Agiyev” group was the former thimblemaker Vladimir Vdovin, nicknamed “Partner,” who headed the “Partner” organized crime group. By mid-1992, Vdovin had practically taken over the Zhiguli store. Despite all efforts, none of the attempts was successful. After this, the “Agievskys” switched their attention to the leaders of the “Kupeyevskaya” group, Sergei and Garry Kupeev. However, the Kupeev brothers were also too tough for them. The next target of the Agievskys was Khokhol, who failed to survive the assassination attempt. From that moment on, bloody showdowns between organized criminal groups began.
The first war lasted more than a year. As a result, the criminal world lost such authoritative bandits as Vladimir Bilichenko “Khokhol”, Sergey Kupeev, Alexander Maslov, Alexander Voronetsky, Vladimir Dorovskikh “Sivy”. Some of the bandits went missing. Instead of Maslov, Dmitry Ruzlyaev, nicknamed “Dima Bolshoi,” became the head of the “Volgov” organized crime group. The maximum benefit from this war was received by Vdovin, who, remaining the only representative of the “old guard,” rose to the very top of the Tolyatti criminal hierarchical ladder. Without his participation, not a single serious issue was resolved in the city.
As a result of the subsequent two wars between organized crime groups, almost all authoritative bandits were either killed or imprisoned for long periods. Over 10 years of conflict, more than 500 people associated with the criminal world died. The only person who managed to go through all the showdown and stay alive is Vladimir Vdovin, nicknamed “Partner”. Today he has retired and lives in one of the European countries.
Sights of Tolyatti
Despite the fact that in 2012 Togliatti residents celebrated the 275th anniversary of the city, its actual age is only half a century. The fact is that only one house has survived to this day, moved from Stavropol-on-Volga before its flooding. Therefore, there is no particular point in looking for some ancient sights in Tolyatti. Actually, this house-museum of the Starikovs is the oldest monument. The city museum complex “Heritage” operates on its basis.
To get an idea of the most popular Togliatti attractions, it is best to drive around the city on Friday and Saturday, when wedding processions are traveling around the city. Over the years, a tradition has developed according to which newlyweds, while walking around Togliatti, visit various memorable places that would also be of interest to guests of the city.
In the Avtozavodsky district, the Eternal Flame, located in Victory Park, and the Monument to Devotion, erected in honor of German Shepherd, who waited for 7 years on the side of the road for her owners who died in a car accident. To ensure that the newlyweds remain faithful to each other and are happy, they rub the dog’s bronze nose.
Technology lovers can visit the technical museum of JSC AVTOVAZ. On an area of 38 hectares there are about 3,000 small exhibits and over 460 large ones. In the museum you can see weapons from the First and Second World Wars, military equipment, cars and trucks of domestic and foreign production, agricultural, railway and space equipment. The main highlight of the museum exhibition is the diesel submarine B-307. The whole of Russia watched its movement from the Volga to the museum’s territory. That day, all news broadcasts on the country's central television channels broadcast live broadcasts from the scene.
In the Central district, among the attractions, one can highlight the monument to the founder of Stavropol Tatishchev, which is located on the embankment in Portposelk, a complex located near the Zhiguli hotel and consisting of a monument to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and a belfry
Not far from the Central Square are the Museum of Local Lore and the Tolyatti Art Gallery. In the local history museum you can get an idea of the life of fellow countrymen who lived centuries ago and study the local fauna. Within the walls of the art gallery there are constantly exhibitions of works by both domestic and foreign artists. Lovers theatrical productions can visit the “Wheel” theater, famous throughout Russia.
In the Komsomolsk region, the greatest interest is the embankment, which is a favorite vacation spot for young people, as well as the hydrofoil.
Guests of Tolyatti should also pay attention to the architectural appearance of the city. Of course, typical new buildings do not arouse any interest, but once you stop by the Shlyuzovaya microdistrict, you will immediately feel like you are in “Little Petersburg”.
After exploring the local attractions, you will inevitably want to refresh yourself. There are two possible options here. The first is to go to the nearest large shopping center, fortunately there are a great many of them in the city, and order something in the food court that is popularly called fast food. The second option is much nicer. You can go to some cozy restaurant or cafe that is popular among Togliatti residents and taste delicious Russian cuisine (restaurants “MaryIvanna” and “Pelmeshka”), Italian cuisine(restaurant La Rotonda), Japanese cuisine (restaurants "Yakitoriya", "Sushi Boom") and international cuisine (cafe-bar Fusion, sushi cafe Yakuza, restaurants "Tower" and "Sugar").
The city of Tolyatti is located on the territory of the state (country) Russia, which in turn is located on the territory of the continent Europe.Which federal district does the city of Tolyatti belong to?
Togliatti is included in federal district: Privolzhsky.The Federal District is an enlarged territory consisting of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
In what region is the city of Tolyatti located?
The city of Tolyatti is part of the Samara region.A characteristic of a region or subject of a country is the integrity and interconnection of its constituent elements, including cities and other settlements, included in the region.
The Samara region is an administrative unit of the state of Russia.
Population of the city of Togliatti.
The population of the city of Tolyatti is 710,567 people.Year of foundation of Togliatti.
Year of foundation of the city of Togliatti: June 20, 1737.In what time zone is the city of Tolyatti located?
The city of Tolyatti is located in the administrative time zone: UTC+4. Thus, you can determine the time difference in the city of Togliatti, relative to the time zone in your city.Telephone code of the city of Tolyatti
Telephone code city of Togliatti: +7 8482. In order to call the city of Togliatti from mobile phone, you need to dial the code: +7 8482 and then the subscriber’s number directly.Official website of the city of Tolyatti.
Website of the city of Togliatti, official website of the city of Togliatti, or as it is also called “Official website of the administration of the city of Togliatti”: http://portal.tgl.ru/.Flag of the city of Tolyatti.
The flag of the city of Togliatti is the official symbol of the city and is presented on the page as an image.Coat of arms of the city of Tolyatti.
The description of the city of Togliatti presents the coat of arms of the city of Togliatti, which is a distinctive sign of the city.The Togliatti urban district is located in a unique region of Russia, approximately 1,000 kilometers southeast of the country's capital, Moscow. This is the second largest and most important city in the Samara region. It is surrounded by the Zhiguli Mountains and the Volga plains, lakes and the great Russian river Volga. Nearby are the Samarskaya Luka National Park and the Zhigulevsky Nature Reserve. In the 17th and 18th centuries, popular uprisings took place in Zhiguli under the leadership of Stepan Razin and Emelyan Pugachev. The height of the Zhiguli Mountains reaches 375 meters, the width of the ridge is 5-7 kilometers. According to the variety of relief and rocks, the uniqueness of the animal and flora Zhiguli can be compared to the protected areas of the Crimea and the Caucasus. There are great opportunities here for active tourism and educational recreation.
The history of Togliatti testifies to its constant development, desire to solve the most complex and extraordinary problems, and improve the city management system. Created as the firstborn of the most daring projects of its time, Tolyatti today remains a young, dynamically developing, attractive for investment and comfortable city for living and working.
History of education
Togliatti began its journey as a fortified city, founded statesman and Russian historian Vasily Tatishchev. On June 20, 1737, Empress Anna Ioannovna granted a charter to the baptized Kalmyk princess Anna Taishina about the founding of the city. It was decided to name the fort post Stavropol, which translated from Greek means “Holy Cross”. In honor of this date, an annual tradition has developed in Tolyatti to honor families in which children were born on June 20 - the Day historical birth cities.
At the beginning of the 20th century, about 6 thousand people lived in Stavropol. There was one zemstvo hospital, 6 educational institutions, 2 hotels, 6 factories and factories, 1 water mill and 4 windmills. By the middle of the century, the city had 12 thousand inhabitants. In 1950, Stavropol became the center of the greatest construction project - the Volzhskaya Hydroelectric Power Station named after. IN AND. Lenin is truly experiencing a rebirth. In 1953-1955, the city was almost completely transferred 18 km from the flood zone of the Kuibyshev reservoir to the left bank of the Volga River. Since April 1951, Stavropol became a city of regional subordination. In August 1964 it was renamed Togliatti. Every year on the first Sunday in June, Tolyatti residents celebrate City Day.
From a military fortress, the city turned first into a commercial one, and then, with the construction of industrial enterprises and the largest automobile plant in Russia, JSC AVTOVAZ, in 1966 - into the industrial center of the region. In 1970, the first Zhiguli car rolled off the assembly line of the plant.
Modern history
Demographic characteristics
Today Tolyatti is one of the largest cities in Russia, home to 707,407 people. Among the cities of the Russian Federation, with a population of 500 thousand to 1 million people, Togliatti ranks 6th after Perm, Krasnoyarsk, Voronezh, Saratov, Krasnodar. The average age of Tolyatti residents is 39.6 years.
Geographical characteristics
Togliatti itself is often called a “green city” because large quantity plantings and forests. In the summer of 2010, more than two thousand hectares of forest burned as a result of fires. Currently, both city and regional authorities allocate funds for reforestation. Donations are also collected as part of the “Our Forest” charity program, organized by the city charitable foundation “Togliatti Foundation”. Both ordinary residents and business structures provide all possible assistance in forest restoration. OJSC Sibur Holding became the anchor partner of the charity program.
Tolyatti stretches along the Volga River for about 30 km and consists of three districts - Avtozavodsky, Central and Komsomolsky. Its total area is 284.3 sq. km or 28,433 hectares. In the eastern part is the Komsomolsky district. It is historically and geographically associated with the construction of a dam and the operation of a river port, as well as an industrial area dominated by the construction industry. To the northwest of it, separated by a three-kilometer strip of forest, is the Central District, which is popularly called the Old Town. Historically, it is associated with the flooding of old Stavropol during the construction of a hydroelectric power station and the resettlement of its residents, as well as with the construction of large chemical enterprises. The city administration - the mayor's office and the city council - are located in the Central District. The western part of the urban district, Avtozavodsky district, is separated from the Central by a forest 4-6 kilometers wide. Historically and functionally, the district is connected with JSC AVTOVAZ and related enterprises located to the north of the residential part of the Avtozavodsky district.
Transport infrastructure
The M-5 federal highway passes through the city, an hour's drive away - international Airport Kurumoch has its own river port, Railway. The basis of the Tolyatti road network is a network of highways with a total length of 1,498 km and an area of 14,345 thousand m2. Passenger transportation is carried out by two municipal enterprises - ATP-3 and the Tolyatti Trolleybus Administration, as well as Avto-Fart LLC on 99 routes, including including 69 intra-municipal and 30 regular transportation routes to gardens and dacha areas from April to October. Average headway passenger transport is 10-16 minutes.
Administrative structure
Local government bodies are formed on the basis of the city charter. Their structure includes the Duma of the city district (representative body), the head of the city district of Togliatti (the highest elected official of the city district), the administration of the city district (executive and administrative body) and the Chamber of Control and Accounts of the city district (the control and accounting body of the city district).
The highest official of the city district is the head of the Tolyatti city district. The head of the city district is elected by the Duma from among the candidates presented by the competition commission based on the results of the competition. The head of the urban district is considered to have taken office from the moment the Duma makes a decision on his election.
The term of office of the head of the city district is five years. In its activities, it is controlled and accountable to the population and the Duma. Every year, the head of the city district submits to the Duma reports on the results of his activities and the activities of the administration for the previous year.
Duma deputies are elected municipal elections for a period of five years. The Duma consists of 35 deputies, of which 17 deputies are elected in single-mandate electoral districts, 18 deputies - in a single constituency, which includes the entire territory of the urban district, in proportion to the number of votes cast for the lists of candidates for deputies nominated by electoral associations. The Duma is headed by a chairman, elected by deputies from among its members by secret ballot at the first meeting.
The administration of the city district is the executive and administrative body of the city district, vested with the authority to resolve issues of local importance and the authority to exercise certain state powers delegated to the local government bodies of the city district by federal laws and the laws of the Samara region. The administration is headed by the head of the city district.
Economy of the city
Tolyatti is a territory for investment. The city is open to cooperation and partnership with both foreign and Russian representatives. Today the city has stable trade and economic relations with more than 100 countries of the world. The main trading partners are Ukraine, China, Germany, Türkiye, Azerbaijan, and Brazil. Exports are based on supplies of chemical products, machinery, equipment, Vehicle and metallurgy, import - engineering products.
The bulk of investment comes from leading enterprises in the automotive and chemical industries, which are focused on implementing projects to support existing production, as well as the development of functional technologies, research and development.
Foreign economic and cultural contacts of Tolyatti are constantly expanding. This is facilitated by Tolyatti’s long-standing business ties with sister cities and partners: Wolfsburg (Germany), Flint (USA), Loyang (PRC), Kazanlak (Bulgaria), Nagykanizsa (Hungary), Colmar (France). Not long ago, JSC AVTOVAZ became a partner of the Renault-Nissan alliance. Now the plant will produce cars under three brands: LADA, Renault and Nissan. Two federal-scale projects that are important for Togliatti are being implemented - the Special Economic Zone of industrial production type and the high-tech technopark “Zhigulevskaya Valley”. Among their residents, in addition to Russian organizations, there are also international companies.
Organizations that unite businessmen and entrepreneurs are actively working - the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Togliatti, the Togliatti branch of OPORA Russia, the business club Mercury Club Togliatti, MAU Agency economic development"(Business incubator Tolyatti).
Social politics
Education
The education system in the city is one of the most developed. There are 69 preschool educational institutions, 80 general education institutions, 18 institutions additional education children. The basis higher education make up state universities, including Tolyatti State University, Volga State University of Service. There are two non-state universities - the Tolyatti Academy of Management and the Volga University named after. Tatishcheva. There are also many branches of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Samara universities in Tolyatti. In 2009, JSC AVTOVAZ opened its own educational institution - a corporate university. 1,684 Togliatti teachers were awarded industry awards from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
Healthcare
The healthcare industry is represented by municipal and state healthcare institutions, as well as private medical offices of various profiles. Equipping hospitals and clinics, operating rooms and treatment rooms, hospital wards with the most modern equipment, organizing departments of gentle endoscopic surgery, careful study and prompt implementation of new methods of treating patients - this is the general trend in the development of all medical associations in Tolyatti.
Culture
Theaters
The culture of Tolyatti is a unique phenomenon for a young Russian city. There are 4 professional theaters here: Drama Theater “Wheel”, Puppet Theater “Pilgrim”, Youth Drama Theatre, Theater for Young Spectators “Stagecoach”. The “Theater for Children and Youth” festival is held annually, in which school groups take part along with professional and studio theaters.
Museums
The holdings of municipal museums - the Togliatti Museum of Local Lore and Art, the City Museum Complex "Heritage" - exceed more than 829,000 items. These are documents and objects of ethnography, painting, sculpture. The house of the Starikov family, located today on Sovetskaya Street, has also been preserved, which was the first to be moved from Stavropol, which was under flooding.
The museum and park complex “Technical Museum named after G.K. Sakharov” has become a unique phenomenon not only in Tolyatti, but throughout Russia. The museum is located in the open air plot of land with an area of 38 hectares. Its territory houses more than 460 different exhibits demonstrating the development of automobile, armored, aviation, railway equipment, as well as missile, artillery and naval weapons. Among them are samples of various weapons from the times of World Wars I and II, and space technology. The B-307 submarine, which was delivered to the museum from its service location in its entirety, deserves special attention. Boats of this project are the world's largest diesel submarines.
Music and art education
Professional musical and general aesthetic training in the city is provided by the Togliatti Conservatory (Institute), a music school, 16 institutions of additional education for children, including the choreographic school named after M.M. Plisetskaya. Outstanding Russian teachers consider it their professional duty to support new Togliatti undertakings, and young Togliatti talents have the opportunity to receive an education at the Moscow and London Conservatories. Maestro Vladimir Spivakov, who, by the way, is an Honorary Citizen of Tolyatti, took over the patronage of several talented musicians.
Concerts
Vivid cultural events were festivals held by the Tolyatti Philharmonic: Tolyatti Musical Autumn, Jazz Spring in Togliatti, International Festival of Bayan Music “Vivat, Bayan! Sergei Voitenko and friends,” as well as International festivals“Classics over the Volga” and “Classics Open fest”.
Monuments
Tolyatti is included in the federal list of historical cities of Russia, where about 120 architectural and sculptural cultural monuments are located. Over half of them are located in the Central region. The Eternal Flame burns on Freedom Square, and the Obelisk of Glory rises in honor of those killed during the Great Patriotic War. In Portposelok, on the banks of the Volga River, a monument to the founder of the city, V.N. Tatishchev, was erected. It was built with voluntary donations from citizens, Tolyatti philanthropists and enterprises. The author of the monument is world-famous sculptures Alexander Rukavishnikov.
Physical education and sports
Annually held in Tolyatti sports cups, championships and championships in more than fifty sports. Mass physical culture and recreational events at the place of residence are becoming increasingly popular among the population: Big game, Family starts, Streetball festival, Ball over the net, Golden puck, Winter ball. All-Russian competitions are traditionally held: “Ski Track of Russia”, “Cross of Nations”, “Russian Azimuth”. For more than 40 years, the “Zhigulevskaya Around the World” has been starting from Tolyatti - a traditional trip of the 1st category of difficulty on yawls around the Samarskaya Luka. Over the course of 9 days, more than 700 people cover a distance of 140 kilometers.
In Togliatti, a sports infrastructure is actively developing, which allows people of all ages to engage in their favorite sports and have certain sporting achievements. Sports lovers are offered 7 sports complexes, 4 stadiums, a Sports Palace, 118 gyms, 340 sports grounds and fields for physical education and sports, 4 swimming pools, 2 ski lodges, 10 shooting ranges, 12 courts with special coating, alpine skiing and horse riding. sports facilities, yacht clubs. Construction of the Lada Arena ice sports palace is underway.
There are 19 municipal sports schools and health-improving and educational centers in the city, cultivating 34 types of sports. 17 thousand children, teenagers and young people are involved in sports clubs.
At international competitions, Tolyatti athletes perform in such disciplines as hockey, speedway, karate, artistic gymnastics, boxing and sailing. The most famous of the Togliatti athletes is gymnast Alexey Nemov - Olympic champion, Knight of the Order of Courage and the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. The city’s most titled martial arts athlete is Alexander Gerunov, a multiple world and Russian champion in karate in all its forms: individual, team, event and absolute championships. Do not forget that Togliatti residents became the first in the world to conquer the highest peak of the planet - Everest (8,848 meters).
Tolyatti appeared on the map of Russia not so long ago - in 1964, but in fact the city founded next year turns 280 years old. Since 1737 it was called Stavropol-on-Volga. Its history is unique: having found itself in a flood zone during the construction of the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric station (1953-1955), it completely changed its location. Where it is today and what it is, you can find out by reading this article.
Middle Volga region
The composition highlights its South part, called the Middle Volga region. On both sides of the longest river in Europe lie the Penza, Ulyanovsk, Saratov and Samara regions, as well as the Republic of Tatarstan. This is where Togliatti is located. Which region shelters a modern industrial city on the left bank of the Volga? Despite the 18th place in the country in terms of population (more than 712 thousand people) and occupied area (more than 315 square kilometers), Togliatti is not a regional administrative center.
The Middle Volga region is a densely populated and economically developed territory with an advantageous geographical location and developed infrastructure. Convenient transport links have a beneficial effect on the development of the engineering, oil refining, gas and chemical industries for which the region is famous. 74% of the population live in cities. The territory is located in a temperate continental climate zone, where hot summers (+25 °C) and light snowy winters with sub-zero temperatures (average values are 12-15 degrees below zero) are clearly distinguishable. But there are frosts down to -30 °C. The border with the Lower Volga region passes through the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric station, where Togliatti is located.
Which region contains the Volga city?
The Samara region, bordering Tatarstan, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk and Saratov regions, is located in the southeast of the East European Plain. It consists of 11 cities and 23 villages, united into 27 districts. Tolyatti is the administrative center of the Stavropol region in the north-west of the region, 59 km away from the regional capital. The distance between the cities along the highway is 88 km and can be covered in about 2 hours. Residents of the region have no question about how to get to Tolyatti, where a magnificent recreation area is located. Shuttle buses run every half hour from all train stations in the city.
Located at the junction of three zones - forest-steppe, steppe and forest - the Samara region has only 12.6% forest cover. Broad-leaved trees are found in the north of the region, including in the Stavropol region, where residents of the regional capital flock during the holiday period.
Samarskaya Luka
It is located in the middle reaches of the Volga River, where the largest bend (meander), called Samarskaya Luka, was formed with a coastline of 230 km. It stretches for 60 km from west to east and 30 km from north to south, from the village of Usolye to the city of Syzran. In fact, Samara Luka is washed by the waters of two reservoirs - Saratov and Kuibyshev - and the small Usa River. Answer to the question about Togliatti: “Which region has it in its composition?” - is known to most Russians precisely because the city is located on the banks of the Kuibyshev Reservoir. Kuibyshev was the name of the city of Samara until 1991.
The most picturesque section of the Samara Luka is the distance from Samara to the locks of the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric power station, the crown of which is the Zhiguli Mountains (height - 375 meters). The river in this place is not wide, and tourists can clearly see how the hill drops steeply towards the Volga. Hydroelectric power stations and mountains are located on the right bank of the river, where the city of Zhigulevsk is located. On the left, at the junction of the low-lying and forest-steppe Trans-Volga region and Samarskaya Luka, Tolyatti stretches (a photo of the city and Samarskaya Luka is presented in the article).
Geographical position
It is located 70 km upstream of the Volga River relative to the capital of the Samara region. The length of the borders is 149 km. The city is not part of the Stavropol region and, in addition to it, borders on Zhigulevsk. The issue of connecting these two cities has been discussed for a long time, but so far this is just a project. From the south the city connects with the dam of the Kuibyshev Reservoir, from the east it is surrounded by forests, and from the north-west by agricultural land.
Tolyatti on the map of Russia can be found at the following coordinates:
- 53° 31" north latitude;
- 49° 25" East longitude.
The city is located in the Samara time zone. Its offset relative to Moscow time is +1 hour. The region operates summer time, which leads to an offset relative to UTC.
A little history
06/20/1737, after the return of the Orenburg expedition led by Tatishchev, Anna Ioannovna granted a charter for the founding of the city to Princess Anna Taishina for the construction of a fortress in order to gather all baptized Kalmyks in this place. This date is considered the founding day of the settlement. There is an opinion that the city of Tolyatti was born three times throughout history. What region existed at that time on the site of Samara? In the 50s (moving from a flooded low-lying area), the city was part of the Kuibyshev region, which launched the construction of a hydroelectric power station named after. Lenin (the old name of Zhigulevskaya). The created base for grandiose construction was later used to found chemical enterprises (KuibyshevAzot, TogliattiKauchuk, TogliattiAzot) and the Volzhsky Automobile Plant. The decision to build AvtoVAZ marked the third birth of the city, because it caused a huge influx of young people and contributed to significant population growth.
In 1964, by decision of the federal authorities, the city of Stavropol was renamed Togliatti in honor of Palmiro Togliatti, head of the Italian Communist Party. He died the day before while in the USSR. The Italian politician had nothing to do with the city that bears his name for 82 years, so the issue of returning the original name is widely discussed by the public.
Territory, administrative structure
Today Togliatti, a photo of which you can see on the page, occupies an area of about 315 square meters. km, 25.5% of it is urban forests. This is the greenest city in the Samara region. There are significant distances between its three administrative districts, stretched along the Volga for 40 km. 36% of the city territory is occupied by the Avtozavodskoy district, where the AvtoVAZ premises are located. It is separated from Central by 3 km of forests. The Komsomolsky district is another 5-7 km away. In terms of area, it, like Central, occupies 32% of the entire city territory.
Since its founding, the city has had its own coat of arms in the form of a fortress with a cross in the middle. The head of the executive branch is the mayor; today this post is occupied by S.I. Andreev. Legislature concentrated in the hands of the Togliatti City Duma consisting of 35 deputies. In October 2015, Tolyatti (Samara region) received the status of a single-industry town, since the social well-being of the majority of residents depends on the situation at the main enterprise of the region - AvtoVAZ.
Avtozavodskoy district
Residents distinguish between themselves the territory of the New and Old Towns. The first includes the Avtozavodskoy district, the population of which significantly exceeds the total number in the other two and amounts to more than 436 thousand inhabitants. He takes western part city overlooking the banks of the Volga. Its structure is divided into 28 blocks, inside of which there are parks and boulevards. Major roads separate the neighborhoods from each other. But such development is not typical for all of Togliatti, the map of which gives an idea of the characteristics of each administrative district. In addition to AvtoVAZ, enterprises are located on the territory of the New City light industry famous in the region: a champagne factory, a dairy and a clothing factory.
This is the youngest area, the housing stock of which began to be built simultaneously with the construction of the automobile plant. And the only one where the birth rate exceeds the death rate. New houses are being built right in the forest area, expanding the boundaries of the city.
Komsomolsky district
About 120 thousand people live in the easternmost region, located directly on the banks of the Volga downstream. It is adjacent to the dam and goes directly onto the M5 federal highway. It is here that the river port of the city is located, where tourists traveling along the Volga stop. The most beautiful embankment is the real pride of the area, whose production enterprises are located at a considerable distance from residential buildings: TogliattiAzot, AvtoVAZagregat, VAZINTERSERVICE.
Previously, the village of Kuneevka was located on the territory of the district, so long time The private sector and buildings from the 50s are preserved. Despite the excellent location of the area, real estate here is not in great demand. Residents prefer to travel from 20 to 60 minutes, but live in more comfortable houses. This part of Tolyatti (the city map gives an idea of the area) belongs to the historical values of the metropolis. The 19th century churches are located here: St. Tikhon's and Annunciation monasteries. The Shlyuzovaya microdistrict (former village) is called mini-Petersburg due to its buildings in the classicist style.
central District
The name itself suggests that the location of the district is the central part of the city, where about 160 thousand residents live. It is this one that bears the unofficial name of the Old Town, which primarily indicates the state of the housing stock. Houses were built here during the reign of Khrushchev and Stalin. A map of Tolyatti with streets clearly demonstrates that the building principle differs from the “square-nested” one in the Avtozavodsky district. In the center there is a park, which has city status, and a central square, from which streets run in radii to different ends of the district, although the system of names for the blocks is preserved.
Residents of the Old Town in everyday life are considered more intelligent and are compared with residents of the city on the Neva, who differ from Muscovites. The private sector is significantly represented here, where class stratification is obvious. Along with small dilapidated houses, elite cottages are being built, guarded by a pack of dogs. On the Volga bank lies the Portovy microdistrict, considered a real paradise town in Togliatti (Samara region).
Population
The city is rightfully considered young, because its population is young. According to the latest census, the average age of Togliatti residents is slightly higher than 39 years (39.2). To detain young people, more than 20 higher educational institutions were opened in the city, although in Soviet times only Togliatti existed Polytechnical Institute and a military school (now the Military Technical Institute). The main population is people of working age, only 150 thousand people are pensioners. The nineties went down in the history of the city with sad events: the growth of drug addiction and HIV infection among young people. Today the situation has stabilized somewhat.
More than half of the residents are women. Togliatti, the city map of which does not give an idea of national composition population, 83.2% populated by Russians. Other nationalities include Tatars, Ukrainians, Mordovians, Chuvashs.
Attractions. How to get there?
The city attracts tourists due to its proximity. Every year, on the first Sunday in July, art song lovers gather in the vicinity of Tolyatti for the Grushinsky Festival (new name - “Platform”). Hundreds of thousands of participants come to the Mastryukov Lakes, where songs by talented performers from all over Russia are heard in memory of the deceased Valery Grushin. Therefore, many people have a question: “Where is Tolyatti, which region of Russia organizes the festival of bard song?”
The most convenient way to get to the city is by air. The international one is 50 km away, with regular buses and taxis. It is important to decide which part of the city a person needs to get to: New or Old, because these are completely different routes. IN summer period It’s easy to get to the city by water, taking a fascinating walk along the Volga. You can also get there by rail, but the main railway junction is not in Tolyatti. The map will help you decide on a train to Samara, the capital of the region, from where there are regular buses, intercity minibuses and taxis.
Stavropol-on-Volga was founded by V.N. Tatishchev as a fortress in 1737. It received city status in 1780. As a result of a severe fire on August 27, 1851, the city burned to the ground. For a long time, Stavropol was a small provincial town. In 1950, the old city, located in a lowland, fell into the flood zone of the Kuibyshev reservoir during the construction of the Volzhskaya hydroelectric power station and was rebuilt on the left bank of the Volga, 18 km from the hydroelectric power station under construction. Since 1964, the city has been called Togliatti (in honor of the Italian communist P. Togliatti). Here the construction of a car plant began to produce cars under license from FIAT. Since then, the city has been developing rapidly.
Being surrounded on three sides by forest, and on the fourth close to the shore of the Kuibyshev Reservoir, the city is very picturesque. City beaches and boat stations stretch along the entire coast from the river port and above. The central area of the city with Freedom Square was built mainly in the 1950s. Since 1967, the city has been built up according to a master plan - a rectangular grid of highways laid parallel to the reservoir and industrial enterprises. On the main axis from north to south, an urban center with a main square was formed. On the shore of the reservoir there is a city park with an embankment and a beach area. Volga University named after V.V. operates in the city. V. N. Tatishchev, a number of universities and research institutions, theaters - drama and puppet theaters; local history museum. Togliatti is the birthplace of the ballerina G. S. Mezentseva.
Nature
Togliatti is located in the middle reaches of the Volga River, on its left bank, 95 km upstream from Samara. On the opposite bank are the city of Zhigulevsk and the Zhigulevsky Mountains. All three districts of the city are stretched along the Volga. The distance between the Central and Komsomolsky districts is 5-7 kilometers, between the Central and Avtozavodsky districts - about 3 kilometers.
Tolyatti is located on the border of the forest-steppe and steppe zones. All three districts of the city are surrounded by forests: mainly pine in the west, oak, aspen, birch, and linden in the south. In the Komsomolsky district there is not a single tree planted in the recreation park. In the territory of the Stavropol region surrounding the city, there are moose, wild boars, roe deer, hares, foxes, dozens of breeds of birds, fish and insects; in the Zhigulevsky Mountains there are unique plants that are not found anywhere else: Volga carnation (lat. Dianthus volgi-cus), milkweed Zhigulevsky (lat. Euphorbia zhiguliensis), Zhigulevsky thyme (lat. Thymus cimicinus) and dozens of others.
Climate
The continental climate is significantly moderated by the Kuibyshev Reservoir: the average January temperature is −13 °C, the average July temperature is +21 °C. The absolute maximum temperature was recorded at +39 °C, the absolute minimum -43.4 °C. The average annual temperature is +5.1 °C. Quantity sundial(days) per year - 2113 hours (285 days).
Freeze-up time on the city's reservoirs is November, December. The ice break-up time is early April. The duration of snow cover is 143 days. The average height of snow cover reaches 33 centimeters. Frosts are possible until mid-May, and droughts occur. Precipitation amount is 400 mm per year. The wind rose shows a predominance of southwestern and western winds.
Architecture
All that remains of the architecture of the old city in its original form is the complex of buildings of the former zemstvo hospital, which turned out to be above the flood level.
The architecture of each of the city's districts is unique and unlike others. In the Komsomolsky district there are many low-rise buildings from the Stalin and Khrushchev periods. The barracks that appeared during the construction of the hydroelectric power station were demolished in the 1980s and replaced with modern multi-story buildings. Among the architectural features, a part of the Shlyuzovoy village deserves attention, representing an integral ensemble of the era of Soviet classicism. This part of the city is sometimes called “little Petersburg”.
In the Central District, many private wooden houses have been preserved that were moved during the relocation of the city. They served as the basis for the formation of the so-called “private sector”, which occupies a very large area. However, only a few of them have retained their historical appearance; Such buildings are now considered architectural monuments of the city. Most of the district's multi-storey buildings are Khrushchev buildings of various modifications; only a few blocks of the district are built up with 9, 14 and 16-storey buildings. The district also differs from others in the presence of a cottage village on the border of the forest zone separating the Avtozavodsky district. And Portposelok is the only place in the city where you can find barrack-type residential buildings.
The Avtozavodsky district, the development of which began in the 1960s and continues to this day, is formed from standard blocks. The area, created for the residence of construction workers and AvtoVAZ workers, became the first in the country built without temporary buildings and barracks. In 1973, a group of architects - the creators of the new district - received the State Prize. The quarters are built up with 5, 9, 14 and 16-story buildings of various layouts, but the “dream city” planned in the 1970s and even included in foreign architecture textbooks did not work out. The twin blocks of standard construction are not pleasing to the eye; the presence of uniquely large cultural and commercial buildings could not replace the comfort of small cafes and the convenience of kiosks. Only in the 1990s new neighborhoods began to be built according to individual projects. However, this area also has its own architectural attractions: one of the largest shopping centers in the Volga region "Rus", the unique buildings of the VAZ Palace of Culture and Technology and the House of Children and Youth Creativity, the recently built Transfiguration Cathedral.
Unfortunately for the townspeople, when designing the Avtozavodsky district, the coastal position of the area was practically not used - descents to the water are difficult, the coastal slopes are not used in any way and present a depressing spectacle of abandonment.
Monuments
According to the Department of Culture of the City Hall, the total number of historical and cultural monuments taken under protection in the city is 167. These are urban planning monuments and monumental monuments, memorial signs and memorial plaques. Urban planning monuments are represented by both individual objects and entire complexes. These are buildings that were preserved from the flooded Stavropol, moved during the flooding, and also built in the 50s of the 20th century.
Over half of the memorial and architectural sites are located in the Central region. Here, on Freedom Square, the Eternal Flame burns, and the Obelisk of Glory rises in honor of the heroes-compatriots who died during the Great Patriotic War. The Varvara Church, built in 1846 in the village of Fedorovka, is of cultural and historical value. Among the most outstanding sights is the monumental and decorative composition “Prometheus”, installed on the building of the recreation center of OJSC “Togliattikauchuk”.
IN last years new monuments began to appear: on the banks of the Volga, in honor of the 260th anniversary of the founding of the city, a monument to the founder of the city V.N. Tatishchev was erected, in the city park a sculptural composition “Mourning Angel” appeared, dedicated to the victims of political repression, a monument to the dog Verny, a sculpture of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and many other.
It is worth considering that not all recently appeared monuments are officially registered as such and are taken under protection because of their “youth”.
Ufology
Tolyatti in particular and Samara Luka in general are considered by Russian ufologists to be one of the most anomalous places in the country. Number of messages about unexplained phenomena several times higher than average. The oldest city ufological commission in Russia is headed by an employee of the City Duma Committee on Education, Social Policy and Health.
One of the local attractions in Tolyatti was the collective farm field opposite the 19th quarter. On the night of July 21-22, 2005, circles approximately 200 meters in size mysteriously appeared in a buckwheat field. The next day this place immediately became the center of universal pilgrimage. A variety of theories have been expressed regarding the appearance of these circles: from the landing of aliens to a PR campaign by the city administration.
Local ufologists declared that the circles are nothing more than someone’s joke and their origin is completely earthly. However, this version has opponents among Togliatti residents: it is argued that during the shortest night of the year right next to the busiest highway in the city, not far from the gas station surveillance cameras, it is very problematic to lay geometrically correct circles of this size. Photographs of the circles taken a few days later show how townspeople tried to trample new ones next to the original circles. Even though the new figures were created in daylight, differences in the quality of execution were obvious. The idea of the alien origin of the signs has become so popular that on local television and on the Internet they even began to offer “miracle buckwheat” supposedly from that very field at fabulous prices.
Industry
The city-forming enterprise is AvtoVAZ, because of which the city is often called the “automotive capital of Russia”, as well as the “Russian Detroit”. Also in the city there is an automobile plant of the GM-AvtoVAZ company and many enterprises for the production of automobile components, the largest of which is AvtoVAZagregat.
Also in the city there are plants for cement engineering, ship repair and mechanical, electrical, transformer, and fire-fighting equipment. The chemical industry is developed: the world's largest producer of ammonia "TogliattiAzot", the mineral fertilizer plant "KuibyshevAzot", the synthetic rubber plant "Togliattikauchuk".
There are enterprises of light (clothing and knitting factory) and food (bakery and dairy factories, meat processing plants, champagne and cognac factories, distilleries, wineries, Danone dairy products plant) industries, printing enterprises, and the production of building materials is developed.
Transport
The city of Tolyatti is a major hub of railway, road, river and air transport. Being the second most important city in the Samara region, due to its position it has great potential development opportunities due to the presence of free territories, as well as developed transport infrastructure. On the other hand, the city seems to be in a “sack” due to a large obstacle in the form of the Kuibyshev reservoir, which separates the western and eastern parts of the region. The only connections between these parts of the region are the railway bridge near the city of Oktyabrsk and the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric power station dam, along which the railway and the M5 Moscow-Samara-Chelyabinsk federal highway pass. External transport connections of the city are provided by two bus stations (in the Central and Avtozavodsky districts), large railway stations (freight and two passenger), a river port and the Kurumoch airport.
