A complete dictionary of paronyms with meanings. A2. The use of paronymous words. Update. Central - centralized - centrist

(Human,
who is full).

(bread,
which you quickly get full of).

(dugout,
which is not visible on the ground)

Secretive

(Human,
who doesn't say anything)

Coloring

(Human,
who paints the fence)

Painted

(myself
fence)

Seconded

(military,
who was sent to the duty station)

Business trip

(specialist,
who was sent on a business trip to work)

Stocky

(Strong
little man)

Root

(Type
planting material)

Pay

(By
bill)

Pay

(understand
material)

(new
field)

(ticket to
lottery)

Lucky

(Human,
who wins)

Humiliated

(Human,
who was humiliated)

Humiliating

(action,
who were humiliated)

(rush
several people)

Unit

(rude
boor)

(uneducated)

Intolerable

(obnoxious)

Intolerant

(intolerant)

Availability

(money)

(pants, clothes)

(ring on
finger)

Humanism

(show
compassion, humanity)

Humanity

(quality
person)

Clay

Clayey

(shore
stream)

Pride

(Positive
feeling for the Motherland)

(Native
Dobrynya's brother. Negative feeling of arrogance).

Warranty

(happening
when purchasing a product under warranty)

Guaranteed

(income,
progress, i.e. what will definitely happen)

Greek

(That is
from Greece)

Heroic

(ability
to the feat)

Heroic

(perfect
act).

(By
default)

Civilian

(that is,
owned by the company)

Sound

(connected
with equipment, music tools)

Visual

(belonging
to vision, for example, a nerve)

Spectator

(them.
relation to the audience, for example, a hall or a prize)

Animal

(tamer,
forest, manhole)

Brutal

(wicked,
inhuman).

Instigator

Starter

(founder,
founder).

Actual

(real)

Factual

(valid)

(recipient)

Addressee

(sender)

Oilseed

(olive)

Oil

(dye,
fatty)

Collection of paronyms (Unified State Examination, Russian language)

1) Subscription – subscriber
2) Artistic - artistic
3) Poor - disastrous
4) Unresponsive – irresponsible
5) Swampy - swampy
6) Grateful – grateful
7) Charitable – beneficial
8) Former - former
9) Inhale - sigh
10) Age-old – eternal
11) Great - majestic
12) Replenish – replenish – fill – fill – overfill – replenish
13) Hostile - enemy
14) Choosing – choosing
15) Benefit – profitability
16) Issue – release – transfer – distribution
17) Payment - payment - payment - payment
18) Pay - pay - pay - repay - pay
19) Grow – grow – grow
20) Growing - growing - growing
21) High - high-rise
22) Guaranteed – guaranteed
23) Harmonic – harmonious
24) Clay - clay
25) Annual – annual – annual
26) Pride - pride
27) Humanism - humanity
28) Humanistic – humanitarian – humane
29) Binary – double – dual – double – doubled – doubled
30) Effective – valid – effective
31) Busy – businesslike – efficient – ​​efficient
32) Democratic – democratic
33) Dictation - dictate
34) Diplomat – diplomat
35) Diplomatic – diplomatic
36) Long – long
37) Kind - kind
38) Confidential – trusting
39) Rainy – rainy
40) Dramatic – dramatic
41) Friendly – ​​friendly – ​​friendly
42) Single - the only one
43) Desired – desirable
44) Cruel – tough
45) Life - worldly
46) Housing - residential
47) Fence off - fence off - fence off - fence off - partition off
48) Lower – lower – lower
49) Pay – pay
50) Fill - fill - overflow (Filled - filled - overfilled)
51) Initiator - instigator
52) Bestial – brutal
53) Sound - sonorous
54) Visual – spectator
55) Inventive - inventive
56) Informative – informational
57) Information - awareness
58) Ironic – ironic
59) Skillful – artificial
60) Executive – performing
61) Outgoing – outgoing
62) Rocky - stone
63) Comfortable – comfortable
64) Equestrian - horse
65) Chunky – root – root
66) Bone - bone
67) Colorful – dyeing – dyed
68) Lacquered - varnished
69) Ice – icy
70) Wooded – forest
71) Personal – personal
72) Microscopic – microscopic
73) Ice cream – freezing – frosty
74) Put on – put on
75) Availability - cash
76) Reminder - mention
77) Ignorant – ignorant
78) Intolerable – impatient – ​​intolerant
79) Unlucky – unlucky
80) Accused – accusatory
81) Snippet – excerpt
82) Embrace – embrace
83) Limit - limit - limit
84) Call - response
85) Organic – organic
86) Selective – qualifying
87) Deviation - evasion
88) Deviate – evade
89) Distinguish - distinguish
90) Difference – difference
91) Memorable – memorable
92) Endure – endure
93) Buying – buying – buying
94) Populist – popular
95) Honorable – respectful – honorable
96) Practical – practical
97) Provide – present
98) Representative – representative
99) Recognized – grateful
100) Productive – grocery
101) Productive - production
102) Enlightening – enlightened
103) Journalistic – journalistic
104) Shy - scared
105) Irritation - irritability
106) Rhythmic – rhythmic
107) Romantic – romantic
108) Secretive – hidden
109) Vocabulary – verbal
110) Resistance - resistance
111) Neighbor – neighbor
112) Comparable – comparative
113) Stage – stage
114) Technical – technical
115) Lucky – lucky
116) Humiliated – humiliating
117) Actual – factual
118) Predatory – predatory
119) Royal – royal – reigning
120) Whole – whole – whole
121) Economic - economical - economical
122) Aesthetic – aesthetic
123) Ethical – ethical
124) Effective – spectacular
125) Efficiency – spectacularity

However, graduates are expected to search for meaning themselves unclear words. To simplify your task, we have prepared Collection of paronyms, which explains the meaning of each word in detail and gives different examples.

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Dictionary of USE paronyms 2016 with explanation

Dictionary of paronyms

Unified State Exam. Russian language. 2016

* Example

Subscription(ticket) – subscriber(user)

Artistic(from the artist, for him)

– artistic(expressive / like an artist )

Poor(little funds)

– disastrous(suffers losses, many trials)

Meek(timid, defenseless)– irresponsible(unscrupulous)

Marshy(with swamps)

– swamp(in, on the swamp / from the swamp)

Grateful(feels grateful ) – grateful(contains thanks)

Charitable(selfless help) –

beneficial(good influence)

Former(what happened) – former(past, gone)

Inhale(filling the lungs with air )

– sigh(*sadness, relief, etc.)

Century-old(old, ancient)

– eternal(constant, unchanging)

Great (big,important, significant )

– majestic(with dignity, proud)

Replenish(lack of something)

– add(add to what was said )

– fill(room)

– fill(capacity)

– overfill(excessive )

–replenish(add to existing one)

Hostile(imbued with enmity )

– hostile(from the enemy)

Choosing(for some reason/find time ) – electing(choose by vote to perform duties )

Benefit(calculation) – profitability(what makes it profitable)

Issue(issue)

– recoil(result/efficiency)

– transmission (on TV / to the hospital / to convey something)

– distribution(everyone:* leaflets, booklets, advertising )

Payout (issuing /what?) – payment (what? ) – payment (for what?) – payment

Pay - pay(for what?) – pay(What?) - repay(take revenge ) – pay(finish payment )

Grow (from small-big* about a child)

– increase(artificially)

– grow(naturally )

Growing - growing - growing (see above)

High(about height/, about position in society ) – high-rise(about the building)

Warranty(about warranty * coupon, repair ) – guaranteed(promised)

Harmonic (refers to harmony: *tuning, row )

– harmonious(coordinated, harmonious)

Clayey(with clay ) – clay(made of clay)

Annual(cycles)– yearling(about a cub/baby) – annual(about the year)

Pride (dignity ) – pride (arrogance )

Humanism(philosophical concept )

– humanity(kindness, philanthropy )

Humanistic(philosophical concept )– humanitarian(university, science )– humane(Kind)

Binary (of two digits)

– double (2 parts )

– dual(contradictory)

– twofold(possible in 2 forms )

– double (out of two - one )

–double(multiply on 2 )

Effective(effective )

– valid(real, real )

– current(who/what is acting)

Busy (a little ostentatious )

– business(for business/about business)

– efficient (explanatory )

– practical (pragmatic)

Democratic(simple, close to the people )

– democratic(about democracy * party)

Dictation - dictate (violence, moral pressure)

Diploma holder(awarded a diploma competition )

– diplomat(in international service )

Diplomatic (at the diplomat's)

– diplomatic(polite, tactful)

Long(about length ) – long(about the time )

Solid (well made )- Kind(with kindness )

Trustee(sincere )– trusting(easy to believe, naive)

Rain(about the rain/for the rain) – rainy(with rain)

Dramatic(about drama*theater, actor )

– dramatic(intense, with deep emotions * moment, incident)

Friendly (at a friend's ) – friendly – ​​friendly(connected by friendship)

Unit(rarely found )- the only one(there is no such thing anymore)

Desired(beloved, what one strives for)

– desirable (preferred)

Cruel (bloodthirsty, from “cruelty”)

– hard (from “hardness”, hard to the touch)

Life (about life) - everyday (household * problems)

Housing(*about housing: issue, reform, conditions, construction) – residential(intended for housing * array, room )

Block(cover with a fence)

– fence(surround with a fence)

– fence(save * from harmful influence)

– fence off (some part)

– block(put up a partition/close the passage *road)

Understate(underestimate)

– lower(make it lower *level

– reduce(reduce:*prices, speed )

Pay(for what?* for travel )– pay(what? travel)

Fill(room )

– fill(capacity )

– overflow(beyond measure)

Filled - filled - overflowing

Starter(positive * Sciences ) – instigator (neg.* fights )

Animal(at the beast) - brutal(cruel)

Sound (about sound *vibrations ) – sonorous(ringing * voice)

Visual(about vision, for spectators *hall)

– spectator (viewer * prize, sympathy)

Inventive(invented by *swindler )

– inventive(inventor* has certificate, gift)

Informative (contains a lot of information )

– informational(transmits information *source, technology )

– information(intelligence )

–awareness(possession of information )

Ironic (about irony as a technique ) – ironic(mocking)

Skillful(masterfully done) - artificial(unnatural)

Executive(conscientious ) – performing(from the performer )

Original(initial) – outgoing(comes from something )

Rocky(with rocks ) – stone(made of stone)

Comfortable(full of comfort products)

– comfortable(comfortable )

Equestrian(associated with a horse) – horse(at the horse, his part )

Stocky(squat, strong )

– root(main )

– root(at the roots)

Bone(in dice ) – bone (made of bone )

Colorful(bright) – coloring(paints ) – painted (painted)

Lacquered (varnished )

– varnish(from varnish, for varnish: * workshop, production, oils, paints)

Ice(happens in the ice, with ice *sports palace )

– icy (made of ice/cold)

Wooded (with scaffolding) – forest(about the forest/in the forest )

Personal(about personality *growth, upbringing) – personal(own)

Microscopic(using a microscope, visible only through a microscope*analysis) – microscopic (very small *worm )

Frozen(frozen)

– freezer (for freezing)

– frosty(with frost, cold)

put on (what's *hat/suit on? )

– dress(whatever* baby, old man)

Availability (there is, exists ) – cash(money)

Reminder (in order to remind *about responsibilities )

– mention (mention in passing in conversation:* about Moscow)

Ignorant (rude, insolent )

– ignoramus(not knowing: *in art, in physics )

Intolerable (cannot be tolerated: *about pain, about wind)

– impatient(doesn't know how to endure, is in a hurry)

– intolerant(against something/does not want to put up with something* to rudeness)

Failed (poorly made, composed )

– unfortunate(often unlucky)

Accused (he was accused ) – accusatory (contains an accusation)

Snippet (piece, clump )– excerpt(Part )

Grasp(with hands)– cover(glance, conversation)

Restrict (set boundaries)

– demarcate(separate part from the whole )

– delimit(separate, separate from each other )

Hail (call out, call someone ) – response(review, incl. when called )

Organic(refers to flora and fauna)

– organic(naturally arising from something)

Selected(best quality * grain)

– qualifying (when they select *tour, competition)

Deviation (to the side ) – evasion(in order to dodge )

deviate - evade

Distinguish (something from something)

– distinguish)(sense organs difference/dissimilarity * in the dark (i.e. vision) * by smell (i.e. smell)

Difference (dissimilarity characteristic ) – difference

Memoryful (him good memory )

– memorable(for memory/remembers for a long time)

Endure (wait, survive) - endure(change)

Purchasing (purchasing power )

– consumer (buyer *demand)

– purchased (got it for money)

Populist(from the philosophical concept of “populism”)

– popular (famous)

Venerable (about the elderly: respected, honored )

– respectful (good)

– honorary (honored)

Practical(about practice ) – practical(economical)

Provide(give the right to use)

– introduce (introduce, show)

– representative (at the representative *car)

Recognized(assessed, recognized)

– grateful(feels grateful)

Productive (effective) – grocery (with products)

Productive (productive *work)

– production (in production *position)

– performance (productivity indicator *labor)

Educational (enlightens) – enlightened(educated)

Journalistic( related to journalism, to a publicist: *publicistic talent )

– journalistic(touching on topical socio-political issues*journalistic topic)

Shy (easy to scare ) – frightened (they scared him )

Irritation (human/skin condition )

– irritability(property, ability to irritate)

Rhythmic (has to do with rhythm ) – rhythmic (repeating at regular intervals )

Romantic (relates to romanticism as a literary movement ) – romantic(dreamy/mysterious)

Secretive (taciturn, hides everything ) – hidden (hidden)

Dictionary (from “dictionary”: *stock)

– verbal (from “word”: *way of expression )

Resistance (fight: *enemy )

– resistance (ability to resist: *the body's disease )

Neighboring (nearby, next door )

– neighboring(at a neighbor's)

Comparable (can be compared )

– comparative(compares *analysis /relative* relatively healthy)

Stage (theater related )

– scenic (suitable for stage)

Technical(with the help/use of technology)

– technical(masterfully executed )

Lucky(lucky ) – successful (good)

Humiliated(he was humiliated)

– humiliating (he/it humiliates:*position )

Actual(is a fact)

– actual (meets authenticity requirements)

Predatory (like a predator )– predatory(eats animals )

Tsarsky (at the king's)

– regal (majestic, proud )

– reigning (reigns, on the throne )

Whole (without blemish, complete )

– solid (one piece, monolithic )

– integral (represents unity)

Economic(about economics )

– economical (serves to save )

– economical (thrifty, thrifty )

Aesthetic (has to do with aesthetics )

– aesthetic (beautiful, graceful)

Ethical (relates to ethics )

– ethical (tactful, cultured )

Effective(effective )

– spectacular (produces an effect, impresses )

Efficiency - effectiveness

multiurok.ru

Lexical norms (word use), paronyms

Lexical norms (use of words).

This task tests your ability to distinguish between paronyms.

Paronyms- words that are similar in sound and spelling, but different in meaning.

Lexical norms The Russian language refers to the rules for using words and phrases in strict accordance with their meanings. Violation of lexical norms leads to the fact that statements become ambiguous, as well as to serious speech errors. Compliance with the lexical norms of the Russian language presupposes the ability to choose the right word from a number of similar or identical in content, i.e., synonymous words, as well as the ability to distinguish between paronymous words.

Paronyms are:

prefixes;

suffixal;

distinguished by final letters.

Prefix paronyms.

In task A2 they occur quite rarely, so they are not so difficult to remember.

Distinguish!

Suffix paronyms.

Rule.

Most paronyms are associated with the difference between the same root adjective and participle.

Remember!

Suffixes –USH-/-YUSH-, -ASH-/-YUSH- refer to participle suffixes and indicate the producer of the action.

COLORFUL. Features bright colors.

DYING. Serving for coloring something, containing paint (special).

Differing in ending letters.

Distinguish!

https://5-ege.ru/leksicheskie-normy-paronimy/

Remember!

This chapter does not present all the examples that are possible in task A2. More often than not, you will have to look in a dictionary to determine the meaning of words.

Algorithm of actions.

1. Determine what part of speech the paronymous words are.

2. Read the sentences carefully. Maybe you will find something in common in the words that are combined with paronyms.

3. Think about what word they can be formed from. Perhaps the difference lies in the fundamentals!

4. Look at what part of the word the words differ in: prefix, suffix, etc.

5. If possible, remember the differences in meaning.

Remember! If you suddenly come across words like subscriber – subscription, this algorithm will not work.

Analysis of the task.

In which sentence, instead of the word HOSTILE, should the word HOSTILE be used?

1) Animals and plants sometimes act as HOSTILE forces in fairy tales.

2) He found himself in a world HOSTILE to him.

3) The tank division managed to break the HOSTILE enemy defenses.

4) They were not prepared for such a HOSTILE reception from the local residents.

Hostile And hostile belong to paronyms - adjectives. Let's try to figure out what word(s) they are formed from.

Hostile – enmity(hostility, mutual hatred, hostile relationship) + suffix - ebn-. Meaning: expressing a hostile attitude.

Hostile – enemy(a person fighting for other, opposing interests, opponent) + suffix – esk-. Meaning: belonging to the enemy.

This means that paronyms are formed from different words, therefore the difference should be sought based not so much on the suffixes, but on the basis of the words.

In options No. 2, 3, 4, the context expresses the attitude: in hostile world, hostile defense, hostile reception. And in option No. 1, according to the context, affiliation should be indicated: instead of hostile forces must speak enemy forces.

Thus, correct option number 1.

Practice.

1. In which sentence should we use DIPLOMANT instead of the word DIPLOMAT?

1) Leonid Ivanovich was considered a real DIPLOMAT in communicating with people around him.

2) The success of a state’s foreign policy largely depends on the experience and talent of DIPLOMATS.

3) You sound like a DIPLOMAT, but things are not going well.

4) DIPLOMATS of the Moscow Ballet Competition took part in the final concert.

2. In which sentence should we use GUILTY instead of the word GUILTY?

1) The most painful thing for Vadim was that he still felt GUILTY, although his friend easily forgave him for this lie.

2) The court found the official GUILTY of committing fraud.

3) The teenager looked at everyone with a frightened and GUILTY look.

4) Antonina defiantly went to wash the dishes, and he sat, feeling GUILTY for unexpectedly coming to visit.

3. In which sentence should we use RAINY instead of the word RAINY?

1) A single RAIN drop glittered on the dark foliage.

2) The day promised to be RAINY and windy.

3) Shifting centuries-old stones, RAIN streams fell down.

4) Clean RAIN air poured out of the garden, the intoxicating smell of blooming linden.

5-ege.ru

Paronyms for the Unified State Exam 2018: list and meaning

In 2018, the Unified State Exam in Russian will remain mandatory and the first subject that graduates will take. Analyzing the work of school and lyceum students who took the unified state exam in the 2016-2017 academic year, independent experts noted that very often the examinees made mistakes in task No. 5 (pictured), which requires a good knowledge of paronymic pairs.

Schedule of the OGE in literature in 2018

According to the dates established in the draft OGE schedule, literature exams should be held on the following dates:

Paronyms and everything about them

Paronyms are words with the same root that belong to the same part of speech and are similar in sound, but at the same time have different lexical meanings. In Russian, such words form paronymic pairs (lesnoy - wooded; melody - melodika; now - now; addressee - addressee; dress - put on) and rows (issuance - otdatka - distribution - transfer).

The fifth task of the Unified State Exam 2018 is aimed at testing how well future applicants know paronyms and understand where and when to use them correctly in combination with different words.

Paronyms can be different parts of speech:

• nouns;
• adjectives;
• Verbs;
• adverbs.

Linguists of the Russian Federation, using a specially developed program, were able to compile the largest dictionary of paronyms, which included 1,100 rows of paronyms containing from 2 to 7 words. A complete dictionary of paronyms can be found on the website paronymonline.ru, but in the Unified State Exam 2018, according to FIPI data, only 124 pairs (rows) were used, understanding and using most of which is not particularly difficult for native speakers. Graduates living in regions where Russian is not the main language outside the educational institution should pay attention to this topic when preparing for the Unified State Exam 2018, make a list, remember the meaning that paronyms have and their phraseological units in which they occur.

Since not all existing paronyms will fit into the Unified State Exam 2018. Recommends working on pairs included in the FIPI list.

How to remember paronymic pairs

In task No. 5 you will need to find a sentence in which the paronym is used incorrectly and correct the error, i.e. indicate which word needs to be used in the context of the sentence. There are no ready-made options offered in the 2017 and 2018 Unified State Exams, which means that you need to know paronyms with their explanations, and for most, when preparing, it will not be enough to simply compile a dictionary, filling it with pairs of words. It is the understanding of their meanings and correct application that comes to the fore.

Of course, you can take a ready-made list of FIPIs and work through all the paronyms that may appear in the Unified State Exam 2018, and find out their meaning. Experienced teachers, who annually prepare graduates for final tests, have long created their own dictionaries, which provide not only the meaning, but also an example of the use of paronyms. We offer you one of these convenient and accessible explanations of the difference between such words.

Teachers who teach the Russian language and effectively prepare students for passing the Unified State Exam recommend that graduates of 2018 do not memorize a dictionary of paronyms, but memorize words in the context of sentences or set phrases. This makes it much easier to build the logical chain “word – meaning – application”.

Also watch the video lesson, which explains in detail the implementation of the 5th task of the Unified State Examination ticket in the Russian language.

Let's remember paronymous words- these are words with the same root that belong to the same part of speech; they are close in sound and meaning, but have differences:

• in sound,
• in meaning,
• in compatibility with other words, that is, in lexical compatibility.

Examples

trustful - gullible
inhale - sigh
annual - annual - annual

Examples of incorrect use of paronyms

Confiding the tone of conversation and gentle manners were captivating.
(Right: Trustee the tone of the conversation and gentle manners were captivating.)

Inhale relief.
(Right: Sigh relief.)

We already have yearling experience.
(Correct: We already have annual experience.)

Study the list of synonym words. They are given explanations of the main meanings and examples of lexical compatibility. The material presented will expand your speech experience. But this is precisely what is missing for those who make mistakes in the use of paronymous words.

Dictionary of paronyms for A2

Here is a list of words used:

Subscriber - subscription

Subscriber— subscriber, subscription holder, user of services.
Examples of use: subscriber of the Moscow telephone network, complaints from subscribers, subscriber response.

Subscription- the right to use something, as well as a document confirming this right.
Examples of use: interlibrary loan; subscription to the pool, museum, conservatory; concert subscription.

Addressee - addressee

Addressee is the one who addresses the postal item: letter, telegram.
Examples of use: the addressee is unknown, the name of the addressee is indicated at the top left, the addressee is the sender.

Destination- the one who receives the postal item.
Examples of use: the addressee is the recipient, the addressee has left, the place of the addressee’s signature on the receipt.

Unsightly - unsightly - unsightly - unsightly - unsightly

Reckless - 1) boundless (obsolete), 2) committed without looking back.
Examples of use: reckless courage, reckless extravagance.

Beloved- beloved, one whom it is impossible to look at enough, whom it is impossible to stop admiring.
Examples of use: my beloved, beloved beauty, beloved granddaughter.

Reckless- boundless.
Examples of use: boundless view, vastness, boundless skies, boundless sea, boundless distance.

Unsightly- unattractive, unattractive in appearance, unseemly.
Examples of use: unsightly house, outfit, unsightly act, unsightly behavior, past.

Impenetrable- dark, thick, such that nothing can be seen through.
Examples of use: impenetrable darkness, fog; impenetrable darkness, darkness.

Grateful - grateful

Grateful- feeling grateful, expressing gratitude.
Examples of use: grateful look, view, person; grateful patients, spectators, buyers, students.

Thanksgiving- expressing gratitude.
Examples of use: thanksgiving prayer, thank you letter, appeal; thank you telegram, words of gratitude.

Everyday - everyday

Weekday- not a holiday, not a day off, but a working day (days from Monday to Friday).
Examples of use: weekday, weekday evening.

Everyday- everyday, ordinary, ordinary.
Examples of use: everyday mood; everyday environment, clothing; everyday facial expression; everyday voice.

Experienced - former - former

Experienced - 1) familiar, 2) knowledgeable, experienced.
Examples of use: seasoned traveler, warrior, seasoned tourists.

Former- 1) previously existing, 2) no longer holding a position, position.
Examples of use: former club, former school, former doctor, director.

Former- past, past, former:
Examples of use: bygone years, bygone fear; former strength, sorrow, glory; former happiness, respect.

Inhale - sigh

Inhale is the antonym of the word exhale.
Examples of use: take a breath, a deep breath, a deep breath.

Sigh- increased inhalation and exhalation, usually when expressing feelings.
Examples of use: a heavy sigh, a sigh of horror, he said with a sigh.

Age-old - eternal

Age-old - existing for a long time, many years, centuries.
Examples of use: ancient oaks, ancient grove, ancient forest; centuries-old traditions and customs.

Eternal- endless, without beginning or end, constant.
Examples of use: eternal human values; eternal problems, complaints; eternal shawl on the shoulders, permafrost, eternal peace, eternal fire.

Great - majestic

Great- 1) very large, huge, exceeding the usual measure, 2) outstanding, important in significance.
Examples of use: great responsibility, great contribution; great writer, composer, artist, performer, thinker; great happiness, great multitude.

Majestic- 1) majestic, solemn, 2) full of dignity, importance.
Examples of use: majestic panorama, majestic architectural ensemble, majestic building, majestic ruins, majestic posture.

Clay - clay

Clayey - containing clay, abundant in clay.
Examples of use: clay soils, clay shale, clay soil.

Clay- made of clay.
Examples of use: clay dishes; clay shard, pot; clay hearth; a colossus with feet of clay.

Annual - annual - annual

Annual - 1) lasting throughout the year, relating to the whole year, 2) annual rings of a tree.
Examples of use: one year's expenses, one year's absence, one year's subscription to a monthly magazine.

one year old- at the age of one year.
Examples of use: one-year-old baby child, one-year-old daughter, for one-year-old children.

Annual- 1) relating to the whole year, 2) resulting at the end of the year, as a result for the year:
Examples of use: annual income, annual valuation, annual report, annual subscription to an annual publication, annual bonus.

Proud - proud

Proud - filled with pride, importance, a sense of personal superiority.
Examples of use: proud posture, proud pose, proud appearance.

Proud- 1) having pride, dignity, self-respect, 2) having a sense of superiority over others, considering himself superior, better than others, treating others with disdain.
Examples of use: a proud man, a proud soul, a proud look, a proud look, too proud.

Binary - double - dual - double - double - double

Binary - based on counting in twos (pairs), based on a combination of two components.
Examples of use: binary digit, binary number system, binary fractions, binary code.

Double- 1) consisting of two homogeneous or similar parts, 2) twice as large, 3) dual.
Examples of use: double frames, double mirror, double salary, double salary, double game.

Dual- 1) contradictory, 2) two-faced, 3) concerning two sides, two participants.
Examples of use: dual position, dual policy, dual agreement (bilateral agreement), dual interpretation.

Double- double, manifesting itself in two forms.
Examples of use: double meaning, double benefit.

Twin- connected into one.
Examples of use: double thread, double wire.

Doubled- doubled.
Examples of use: double strength, double reserve, double reserve, double attention.

Effective - valid - effective

Effective- effective, capable of influencing results.
Examples of use: effective help, effective means, effective measures, effective force.

Valid- 1) really existing, 2) having force, operating, suitable.
Examples of use: valid fact, valid life, valid travel ticket, valid for 10 days.

Active- current, working.
Examples of use: current president, active volcano, current legislation, current rules, active person (hero of a work of fiction), active army (located at the front during the war).

Busy - businesslike - efficient - efficient

Businesslike- skillful, intelligent, enterprising.
Examples of use: businesslike gait, businesslike appearance, businesslike manners.

Business- 1) connected with business, with work, 2) knowledgeable, experienced in business.
Examples of use: business style clothes, tone, conversation; business meeting, business letter, business connections, business circles.

Efficient- capable of business, work, businesslike.
Examples of use: efficient person, advice; good suggestion.

Businesslike- based on narrow practicality, purely pragmatic.
Examples of use: practical approach, practical solution.

Kind - kind

Solid- well, solidly made.
Examples of use: good furniture, material, good house.

Kind- 1) responsive, ready to help, disposed towards others, 2) good, bringing joy, success, good.
Examples of use: a kind person, a kind smile, a memory, a kind face, a kind look, good news, a good sign, a good omen.

Confidential - trusting

Confidential - expressing trust
Examples of use: confidential atmosphere, conversation, intonation; trusting relationship; confidential conversation, tone.

Confiding- trusting, nurturing trust.
Examples of use: trusting child, person, teacher; trusting girl, trusting creature, trusting people.

Rainy - rainy

Rain- relating to rain.
Examples of use: rainwater, rain flow, smell; raindrop, rain clouds.

Rainy- abundant rain, precipitation.
Examples of use: rainy day, season; rainy winter, spring, weather; rainy summer

Cruel - tough

Cruel - 1) merciless, merciless, too harsh, 2) too strong.
Examples of use: a cruel person, a cruel act, a cruel plan, a cruel reprisal, severe frosts, a cruel wind, a severe headache.

Hard- 1) hard to the touch, strong, dense, 2) harsh, sharp, 3) not allowing deviations.
Examples of use: tough person, tough position, tough words, tough look, tough schedule, tough deadlines.

Life-giving - alive - animal - tenacious

Life-giving - strengthening vitality.
Examples of use: life-giving light, life-giving warmth, life-giving remedy.

Alive- 1) an antonym to the word dead, 2) relating to living things: plants, animals, 3) mobile, restless, active, nimble, 4) intensely manifested, 5) bright, expressive.
Examples of use: living fighter, living nature, living matter, living child, living son, living interest, living business, living speech, living look.

Animal- 1) relating to the organic world, 2) like an animal, i.e. not controlled by consciousness.
Examples of use: animal fats, animal fear, animal nature, animal instincts.

tenacious- 1) hardy, viable, 2) long-lasting.
Examples of use: tenacious like a cat; tenacious being, tenacious tradition, tenacious habits.

Life - worldly

Vital- 1) related to life, 2) important for life.
Examples of use: life interest, path; vital indication for surgery; life force, luck, drama, tragedy.

Everyday- mundane, associated with daily life.
Examples of use: everyday problem, vanity, worldly wisdom; an everyday matter; everyday little things, everyday habits.

fence off - fence off - fence off - fence off - fence off

Fence - 1) surround with a fence, make a fence, 2) arrange a barrier.
Examples of use: They blocked the garden, vegetable garden, blocked access, passage.

Fence- surround with a fence, fence.
Examples of use: fence a garden, house, plot.

Fence—1) surround with a fence: fence with a lattice; 2) using any measures to protect from someone’s attacks or encroachments.
Examples of use: protect from attacks, nagging, and unfair accusations.

Fence off- to separate with a fence, to isolate.
Examples of use: fence off a children's corner, fence off a place for luggage (usually indicate what or what is fenced off).

Block off- 1) divide the space with a partition, 2) create a barrier.
Examples of use: block a room, block a road, a passage, block a river with a dam.

lower - lower - lower

Understate - present in smaller sizes.
Examples of use: underestimate estimates, underestimate quantitative data.

Downgrade—1) make it lower, 2) reduce the level, degree, intensity, etc. 3) transfer to a lower position.
Examples of use: lower salary, water temperature, air temperature, lower position, rank.

Reduce- decrease.
Examples of use: reduce prices, speed, requirements, significance, volume.

Pay - pay

Pay- 1) to give payment for something, 2) to repay (reply).
Examples of use: pay for purchases, for work, for services, for a ticket, for travel; pay good for good.

Pay- to give payment for something.
Examples of use: pay expenses, pay a bill, pay for services.

Fill - fill - overfill

Fill out - 1) take it in its entirety, fill it out, 2) enter the necessary information.
Examples of use: fill the hall, fill all the seats, fill the area; fill out the form, form, form, questionnaire.

Fill- 1) take the whole thing (pouring, pouring, applying), 2) take time.
Examples of use: fill a container, basket, box, boxes; fill life with work, meaning, and entertainment.

Overfill- fill, fill beyond measure.
Examples of use: fill the bottle with water, your patience will be overflowing.

Difficult - difficult

Difficult - done with effort, with difficulty.
Examples of use: difficulty breathing, difficulty moving.

Difficult- causing difficulty or containing difficulties.
Examples of use: predicament, circumstance, difficult situation, difficult matter.

Initiator - instigator

The initiator is the founder.
Examples of use: the initiator of competition, the initiator of urban planning reforms, the initiator of trends in art.

Instigator- one who starts something unseemly.
Examples of use: instigator of a fight, instigator of a scandal, instigator of street riots.

Sound - sonorous

Sound - 1) a physical term (relating to sound), 2) a recording or reproducing device, apparatus, 3) consisting of sounds.
Examples of use: sound wave, sound signal, sound film, sound apparatus.

Sonorous- loud, clear, distinct sounding.
Examples of use: sonorous voice, laughter, bell, stream.

Malicious - sinister - evil - malicious

Malicious - 1) filled with malice, enmity; 2) expressing, revealing anger.
Examples of use: evil character, person, look, cry, voice; evil eyes.

Sinister- indicating the onset of something bad, difficult, some kind of misfortune.
Examples of use: ominous sign, dream; ominous rumors, omens, sounds.

Wicked- 1) filled with hostility, ill will; 2) caused by anger; 3) ferocious, fierce (about an animal); 4) very strong.
Examples of use: action, look, person, voice, intent; evil stepmother, wife; evil eyes, people; evil frost, wind.

Malicious - 1) malicious, 2) deliberately dishonest.
Examples of use: a habitual truant, a violator, a defaulter.

Sparkling - playful - gambling - playful

Sparkling - foaming, effervescent.
Examples of use: sparkling drink, sparkling wine.

Playful- loves to play, active.
Examples of use: playful child, kitten, puppy.

Gambling- intended for gambling.
Examples of use: gambling house, hall

Playing- serving for the game.
Examples of use: playing cards, slot machine.

Artificial - artificial

Skillful - 1) skillful, 2) performed with skill, skill.
Examples of use: skilled craftsman, skilled speaker, skillful work, carving, embroidery.

Artificial- 1) made to resemble a natural one, 2) insincere, feigned.
Examples of use: artificial fabrics, artificial stone, artificial cheerfulness.

Outgoing - outgoing

Initial - initial
Examples of use: initial moment, initial level of knowledge, initial position, initial situation, initial advantage.

Outgoing- document flow term.
Examples of use: outgoing number, outgoing document, outgoing mail, outgoing correspondence.

Rocky - stony

Stony - abundant in stones, containing many stones
Examples of use: rocky road, path, path, soil; rocky shore.

Stone- 1) consisting of stone, 2) like stone (motionless, frozen, insensitive).
Examples of use: stone house, city, bridge; stone architecture, building; stone wall; stone face, stone figure, stone heart.

Comfortable - comfortable

Comfortable- convenient, with comfort.
Examples of use: comfortable apartment, furniture; comfortable car, plane, ship, train.

Comfortable- comfortable.
Examples of use: a comfortable situation, atmosphere, setting, role, comfortable living, but there may also be comfortable housing (in dictionaries one word is explained through another).

Equestrian - horse

Equestrian - 1) for horses, 2) with the help of horses, 3) on horseback.
Examples of use: horse harness, horse yard, horse traction, horse thresher, horse riding, mounted police.

Horse- 1) related to a horse, 2) part of botanical names.
Examples of use: horse hair, horse trampling, horse snoring, horse neighing; horse sorrel, horse chestnut.

Root - stocky - root

Root - 1) basic, initial, 2) deep, essential, affecting the foundations, 3) important, main, 4) medical term.
Examples of use: indigenous people, indigenous population, indigenous nationality; fundamental question, fundamental turn, fundamental changes, radical mast, radical horse (middle of the three); permanent teeth.

Stocky- body type (short, strong, muscular).
Examples of use: stocky figure, stocky young man.

Root- related to the root.
Examples of use: root system of a plant, root morpheme.

Colorful - dyed

Colorful- bright, juicy
Examples of use: colorful landscape, still life, language; colorful picture; colorful, bright colors summer.

Painted- treated with paint.
Examples of use: dyed blonde, dyed hair, lips; painted floor, house; painted frames.

Oily - oily - oily - oily

Oiled - 1) lubricated, soaked in oil, 2) about the look (sensual), 3) about the voice (sweet, flattering or ingratiating), 4) Shrovetide week (Shrovetide, the week before Lent).
Examples of use: oily pancake, oily porridge, oily hands, oily cuffs, sleeves, oily padded jacket, oily look, oily voice.

Oilseed- relating to an olive tree, tree or fruit.
Examples of use: olive tree, olive berries, Mount of Olives in Jerusalem.

Oily- 1) containing oil, 2) similar to oiled, shiny, having a shine.
Examples of use: oily stains on the road, oily leaves, oily eyes, oily gaze.

Oil- 1) made of oil, 2) made with paints ground in oil, 3) working in oil.
Examples of use: oil stain, oil painting, oil paints, oil engine, oil lamp.

put on - put on

Put on- something for yourself.
Examples of use: put on a dress, suit, glasses, jewelry, shoes.

Dress- someone.
Examples of use: dress a child, a sick person, a toddler; cover with a blanket.

Availability - cash

Presence is presence.
Examples of use: availability of products in the store, goods in warehouse.

Availability- quantity currently available.
Examples of use: cash, cash check.

Print - print

Print - SV to the verb to print.
Examples of use: print books, circulation, print photographs, print (publish) poetry, a novel, print on a typewriter.

Print- 1) the same as printing, but with a hint of completing the work (finish printing), 2) making an imprint, 3) opening the room by removing the seal.
Examples of use: print a copy of a book, print a text on a typewriter, a crow made footprints in the snow, print a room in the presence of witnesses.

Ignorant - ignorant

An ignoramus is an impolite person who violates the norms of polite behavior.
Examples of use: He is a rude and uncouth ignoramus. Don't be ignorant.

Ignorant- ignorant, uninformed, poorly educated.
Examples of use: He is a complete ignoramus: he has never read a book in his life. It's a shame to be ignorant.

Innocent - innocent

Innocent - 1) without guilt, innocent, 2) naive, simple-minded, 3) chaste.
Examples of use: an innocent look, an innocent appearance, an innocent joke, an innocent conversation, an innocent creature, an innocent girl.

Innocent- not involved in a crime.
Examples of use: innocent person, old man, young man.

Unsightly - unsightly - unsightly

Boundless - boundless.
Examples of use: boundless distances, boundless sea surface, boundless sky, boundless horizon.

Impenetrable- dense, dark, dull.
Examples of use: impenetrable darkness, darkness, night; impenetrable fog, darkness.

Unsightly- unattractive, unattractive.
Examples of use: unsightly view, yard, house, area; unsightly surroundings, unsightly prospect, unsightly future.

Intolerable - impatient - intolerant

Intolerable - difficult to bear.
Examples of use: unbearable stuffiness, pain, heat, thirst.

Impatient- 1) having difficulty enduring anything, 2) expressing impatience.
Examples of use: impatient person, look; impatient movement, tapping, impatient posture.

Intolerant- one that is impossible to put up with.
Examples of use: intolerant attitude, intolerant act, intolerant behavior, intolerant behavior.

Snippet - excerpt

Scrap - 1) a torn piece, 2) a part.
Examples of use: a piece of paper, a piece of newspaper, scraps of thread, fragments of phrases, fragments of conversation.

Excerpt- a small part of a work, a fragment.
Examples of use: an excerpt of a poem, an excerpt of a story, an excerpt of music, an excerpt of a play.

To embrace - to embrace

To embrace - to embrace from different sides, to embrace.
Examples of use: clasp your head in your hands, sit with your hands clasped around your knees.

Cover- 1) to embrace, embrace, 2) to position themselves around, nearby, to encircle, 3) to spread over the entire surface, throughout the entire space, 4) to outflank the enemy, 5) to involve someone in some activity, 6) to take complete possession .
Examples of use: my grandmother engulfed (synonymously: clasped) my head with her hands, the forest engulfed the dacha on three sides, the steppe engulfed the village on all sides, the fire engulfed the entire building, I was seized with trembling, she was seized with fear, the election campaign covered the entire region, the population census covered the entire country , we surrounded the Germans from three sides.

fence off - fence off - fence off

Fence- 1) fence around, 2) protect.
Examples of use: fence the house and garden, fence off a plot of land; protect from attacks, accusations, protect from troubles.

Fence- surround with a fence.
Examples of use: enclose the house and garden with a fence, enclose the bed with screens.

Fence off- 1) to separate something with a partition, fence, 2) to isolate, separate.
Examples of use: fence off with a curtain, fence off a children's corner, fence off a distant part of the garden; fence off from life, fence off from business.

Limitation - limitation

Limitation- boundaries, boundaries in any activity.
Examples of use: job restrictions, limited capabilities, limited rights, seasonal restrictions, age restrictions.

Limitation- 1) small opportunities, 2) a property of a person, group of people, society.
Examples of use: limited in money, limited in opportunities, limited in time, limited in mind, limited in possessive psychology, limited in authority; her, his, their limitations.

limit - limit - limit

Limit- put within boundaries, frames.
Examples of use: the town hall building limited the area from the north, limit income, limit will, limit freedom, limit opportunities, limit rights.

Delimit- to separate one thing from another or from everything else by establishing a boundary.
Examples of use: the far corner of the garden was delimited by a light fence, we need to distinguish our understanding of the problem from the generally accepted one, we should not artificially separate the child from the life of the family as a whole.

Delimit- to separate from each other or one from the other: differentiate between concepts, differentiate between responsibilities, differentiate between good and bad, differentiate between harmful and beneficial factors.

Single - single - single

Single- consisting of one part, not double.
Examples of use: single door, frame; single thread.

Lonely- 1) existing separately from others, 2) having no family or relatives, 3) occurring alone.
Examples of use: lonely pine, lonely house, lonely person, lonely life, lonely old age, lonely walk, lonely thinking.

Single- 1) alone, 2) without the help of anyone.
Examples of use: single shot, leopards are characterized by a solitary lifestyle, solitary hunting.

Call - response

Hail - exclamation, shout.
Examples of use: a quiet call, an unexpected call, a sharp call, a call “Stop!” Who goes?"

Response— 1) response to the request, 2) state of mind, which appeared as a result of any influence, 3) review, article, letter.
Examples of use: there was no response, a quiet response, no response came, I heard an inaudible response, evoke a response in the soul, awaken a response, responses in the newspaper, responses on the Internet.

Wary - dangerous

Cautious- apprehensive, fearful, cautious.
Examples of use: apprehensive thought, apprehensive reaction, apprehensive old lady.

Dangerous- representing a danger.
Examples of use: dangerous zone, dangerous criminal, dangerous state of affairs, dangerous situation.

Selecting - choosing

Selecting- participle from ch. take away. To take away - 1) to take something from someone against his will, 2) to take from a certain number for a certain reason.
Examples of use: take away toys, money, phone; select competition participants, select the best works.

Choosing- participle from ch. choose. Choose - 1) take what you need from what is available, based on certain signs, 2) participate in elections, 3) find time for something.
Examples of use: choose the most beautiful girl, choose the ripest fruits, choose the chairman of the meeting, choose the president, find it difficult to choose the time for your favorite thing.

Selective - qualifying

Selected- 1) selected from others as the best, 2) obscene.
Examples of use: selected grain, selected cast, selected berries; selective swearing, selective swearing.

Qualifying- for the purpose of selection.
Examples of use: qualifying competitions, selection committee.

Deviation - evasion

Deviation- 1) refusal, 2) retreat.
Examples of use: rejection of a petition for clemency, rejection of an appeal, deviation of the compass needle, deviation from the norm, deviation from the right direction.

Evasion- departure from something.
Examples of use: avoidance of responsibilities, avoidance of obligations, avoidance of the agenda.

deviate - evade

Deviate- move to the side.
Examples of use: The compass needle deviates for a split second and again takes the correct position, the speedometer needle deviates to the right, we deviate from our goal, you are deviating from the topic.

Dodge- 1) deviate, move away, 2) refrain from doing something, 3) change the original direction.
Examples of use: avoid blows, shirk responsibilities, avoid conversation, deviate from the original course.

Distinguish - distinguish

Distinguish- 1) to recognize something among other things, 2) to reward, to highlight (obsolete).
Examples of use: he doesn’t know rye from wheat, he was distinguished by a promotion.

Distinguish- 1) to recognize by sight or other senses, 2) to distinguish.
Examples of use: it is difficult to distinguish in the dark, to distinguish her voice, to distinguish shades of color, to distinguish the manner of performance.

Difference - difference

Difference- 1) a sign that creates a difference, 2) merit (obsolete), 3) sign, title, diploma, etc. indicators of recognition of someone's merits.
Examples of use: understand the difference, grasp the difference, combat differences, graduate from the university with honors.

Difference- 1) difference, dissimilarity.
Examples of use: the difference between us, the difference between lyrical hero and the author, the difference between photography and painting.

Shake off - shake off

Shake off- shake off (remove something by moving your hand or using something).
Examples of use: shake off crumbs, dust, shake off snow from your feet, shake off your feet with a broom, shake off a dusty magazine.

Shake off- 1) remove something with a characteristic movement, 2) get rid of something.
Examples of use: shake off the snow from your hat, shake off drops of water from your umbrella, shake off fear, shake off unpleasant memories.

Memorable - memorable

Retentive- has a good memory.
Examples of use: a memorable person.

Memorable- unforgettable, remembered, significant, important.
Examples of use: memorable day, year, moment, conversation; commemorative medal, trip; memorable event.

Endure - endure

Endure it- to survive, to endure something unpleasant, difficult.
Examples of use: endure difficulties, endure cold, thirst, heat.
Endure- 1) experience, endure something unpleasant, difficult, 2) undergo a change.
Examples of use: endure all difficulties and hardships, endure punishment; undergo change, undergo deformation, undergo transformation.

Transitional - transitory - transitory

Transition- 1) being a transition, 2) a grammatical term.
Examples of use: transition period, age, transitional era, time, transitional time; transitive verbs.

Transitional- 1) one that passes, 2) transferred to the winner, 3) a financial term.
Examples of use: crossing the road; challenge cup, challenge banner, challenge title; carryover amounts, carryover totals.

Transient- one that passes quickly, temporary, short-lived.
Examples of use: transitory values, transitory glory.

Sandy - sandy

Sand- 1) containing sand or intended for sand, 2) resembling sand.
Examples of use: hourglass, sand dust, sandbox (for sand); sand color, sand coat.

Sandy- consisting of sand or covered with a layer of sand.
Examples of use: sandy beach, sandy bottom, sandstorm.

Weepy - weepy - deplorable

whiny- 1) often crying, prone to tears, 2) plaintive, such as happens when crying.
Examples of use: whiny child, whiny mood; whiny voice, whiny facial expression.

Weeping- 1) having long, hanging branches, 2) obsolete: often weeping.
Examples of use: weeping birch, weeping willow. In the second meaning, the word can be found in classical literature.

Deplorable- 1) causing regret, pity, 2) obsolete: sad, plaintive.
Examples of use: deplorable state of affairs, deplorable condition, deplorable results; crying sounds.

Selection - choice

Selection— 1) process, 2) collection, collection.
Examples of use: selection of personnel, selection of people, selection of artists; selection of jewelry, selection of coins, selection of books.
Choice- 2) process, 2) what is chosen from, 3) in plural. h.: ​​elections - election by voting.
Examples of use: choice of profession, offer a choice, good choice, limited choice, huge choice; President elections.

Fake - craft - trick

Fake- 1) the process of making counterfeit things, 2) fake, counterfeit thing.
Examples of use: counterfeiting money, counterfeiting antiques; There are only fakes in this store.

Craft- minor work or its result.
Examples of use: At the exhibition there were children's crafts, folk crafts, bone and wood crafts.

Trick- a reprehensible act, a misdemeanor.
Examples of use: a serious prank, a child's prank, an innocent prank (prank), the clown's pranks amused everyone: both adults and children.

Fit - similar

Appropriate— appropriate, required in the given conditions.
Examples of use: proper quality, proper attitude, proper meeting, proper honor.
Like- 1) similar to someone or something, 2) a mathematical term.
Examples of use: a similar situation, a similar incident, similar news, a similar work, a similar response; the triangles are similar.

place - place - place

Place- 1) determine a place for something (put, put, hang, arrange), 2) settle, provide premises for living, 3) place someone somewhere (in a hospital, in an orphanage, in a boarding school), 4 ) invest funds (money), 5) print, publish.
Examples of use: place a chair in a corner, place guests in a corner room, I was placed in a surgical ward, place money in a commercial bank at interest, last issue magazine "New World" for 2013 published a selection of poems by the famous poet.

Post- 1) arrange in a certain order, 2) distribute among many persons (participants).
Examples of use: place dishes on the shelf, place linen in the closet, place orders profitably.

Fit- place something completely or in large quantities.
Examples of use: Mom was able to fit all my things on one shelf, I want to fit all the apples in one basket.

Place (s) - place (s) - fit (s)

Fit- 1) fit in, find enough space, 2) settle.
Examples of use: I didn’t think that so many people could fit here; the cereal does not fit in the jar; we stayed in a small house on the shore.

Accommodate- find a place for yourself, settle down, settle down.
Examples of use: fit in a house, in a room, in a chair, on a sofa, sit comfortably.

Fit- 1) fit completely, 2) settle down, settle in a limited space.
Examples of use: the sisters sat on one chair; I didn’t think that so many people could fit in such a small room.

Local - landowner

Local—1) relating to the estate, 2) owning the estate.
Examples of use: local land ownership, local nobility.

landowner- owned by a landowner.
Examples of use: manor's house, manor's estate, manor's garden, manor's stable.

Top up - fill out

Top up- increase, add, make more complete.
Examples of use: replenish your bank account, replenish your food supplies, replenish your collection.

Fill- 1) take it in its entirety, fill it out, 2) enter the required information.
Examples of use: the water was rising: it quickly filled the basements of the houses; fill out the questionnaire, form, application form.

To grow old - to become obsolete

grow old- become older or older.
Examples of use: father, grandfather, brother, matchmaker is old, mother is old, cat is old.

Outdated- 1) become old, 2) fall out of use, out of fashion, out of use.
Examples of use: my views are outdated, it’s time to change them; classics cannot become obsolete; research methods are outdated; the equipment is outdated.

Action - misdemeanor:

Deed- intentional action.
Examples of use: noble act, selfless act, manly act, worthy act, perform an act.

Misdemeanor- an act that violates the rules of conduct; offense.
Examples of use: commit a misdemeanor, an unfortunate misdeed, serious punishment for a misdemeanor.

Venerable - respectful

Venerable- 1) worthy of reverence, respect, 2) significant (about distance or size, volume).
Examples of use: respectable gentleman, old man; venerable goals, objectives; be at a respectable distance.

Respectful- 1) treating someone with respect or showing respect, respect, 2) significant (about distance or size, volume).
Examples of use: respectful young man, respectful appearance, respectful manners, respectful facial expression, respectful look; at a respectful distance.

Festive - idle

Festive- 1) related to a holiday, 2) elegant, beautiful, 3) solemnly joyful, happy.
Examples of use: holiday date, holiday event, fireworks display; festive outfit, suit; holiday dress; festive look, festive mood, holiday memories.

Idle- 1) not doing anything, being idle, 2) not filled with work, business, 3) empty, useless, aimless, generated by idleness.
Examples of use: an idle and empty man, no one saw him idle; idle life, idle lifestyle, idle conversation, idle question, idle interest.

Practical - practical

Practical- 1) related to practice, 2) involved in any business directly, personally, 3) being the application of knowledge and skills in practice.
Examples of use: practical activity, practical application, practical significance; practical guide, practical center; practical classes, practical knowledge and skills, practical techniques.

Practical - 1) versed in practical matters, successful in the practical side of life, 2) profitable, convenient.
Examples of use: practical person; practical housewife, wife, mother; practical step; practical color, material.

Provide - introduce

Provide - 1) to give the opportunity to use or own something, 2) to give the opportunity or right to do something.
Examples of use: provide opportunities, provide documents, provide freedom of choice, right; Let me decide for myself whether to give the management of the estate to a new person.

Introduce - 1) give for familiarization, 2) highlight, send as a representative, 3) apply for an award, promotion in rank, position, 4) introduce, recommend, 5) show, demonstrate, 6) portray on stage, play, 7) mentally imagine.
Examples of use: present the research results; present candidates from the region, from the school; submit for an award; introduce the groom to his parents; present prospects, direction of work; the actors successfully presented the feelings and states of their characters; imagine something, be of interest.

Representative - representative

Representative- 1) elected, 2) reflecting the interests of all interested persons, groups, parties, 3) respectable, prominent, making a favorable impression.
Examples of use: representative power, representative authorities; representative meeting, representative congress, representative exhibition; representative man, representative appearance.

Executive - 1) for presentation purposes, 2) luxury class.
Examples of use: entertainment expenses, purposes; representative interests; executive class car, executive class (hotel) room.

Presentation - provision

Performance- 1) noun. from the verb to represent, 2) official paper, petition for an award, promotion, rank, 3) performance, theatrical action, 4) image of objects and the world in people’s perception, 5) understanding, knowledge.
Examples of use: presentation of evidence in court; presentation for an award; theatrical performance; my views, your views, get an idea of ​​events; have a very general understanding of historical processes.

Providing- noun from the verb to provide: provision.
Examples of use: provision of living space, provision of services, provision of opportunities, provision of work in accordance with the contract.

Recognized - grateful

Recognized- 1) one who was recognized (participle from the verb. recognize), 2) appreciated, known.
Examples of use: recognized authority, recognized talent; recognized artist, actor, director, public figure, scientist.

Grateful- feeling or expressing gratitude, gratitude.
Examples of use: to be grateful, grateful words, grateful attitude.

humiliate - humiliate

Belittle- 1) put in a humiliating position, humiliate, 2) belittle, underestimate.
Examples of use: to belittle in one’s own eyes, to diminish the importance, to diminish the role.

Humiliate- to offend, to offend.
Examples of use: humiliate in front of everyone; humiliate with attitude, words, slap, scream.

Problematic - problematic

Problematic- conjectural, unsaid, unlikely, doubtful.
Examples of use: problematic solution, statement, conclusion, assumption; problematic conclusion, result; problematic possibility.

Problem- containing a problem or intended to solve it.
Examples of use: problem situation, problem article, problem group, problem approach, problem lesson, problem lecture.

Production - productive

Industrial- relating to or intended for production.
Examples of use: production process, production facilities, production department, relations of production, production defects, production meeting, production area.

Productive- producing, creating, productive.
Examples of use: productive labor, productive forces.

Prophesy - prophesy

Prophesy- predict, foretell.
Examples of use: prophesy the future; prophesy misfortune, trouble; prophesy good luck, victory.

Say goodbye- to intend, to predict.
Examples of use: to be a wife, a husband; to become a boss; to become a bride; speak for yourself, for your brother.

Fisherman - fisherman

Fisherman- 1) one who fishes, 2) a lover of fishing.
Examples of use: Fishermen sat and stood along the banks of the lake. Passionate fisherman, amateur fisherman; a real, knowledgeable, experienced fisherman.

Fisherman- 1) one who is engaged in fishing, 2) a fishing enthusiast (colloquial)
Examples of use: fishermen worked in teams; a team of fishermen; a real, good, old fisherman.

Fishing - fishing

Fishing- related to fishing or intended for fishing.
Examples of use: fishing season, fishing gear, fishing trawler, fishing fleet.

Fishing- engaged in fishing as a trade.
Examples of use: fishing artel, fishing trawler.

Vocabulary - verbal

Vocabulary- relating to a dictionary or the work of creating dictionaries.
Examples of use: dictionary entry, vocabulary of a language, dictionary work.

Verbal-1) adjective from noun. word, 2) expressed in words, in words.
Examples of use: verbal war, battle; verbal material, verbal combinations.

Resistance - resistance

Resistance— 1) resistance, 2) term: resistance of materials
Examples of use: resistance to authorities, resistance to the will of parents, electrical resistance, compression resistance, resistance to materials; windage.

Resistance- ability to resist.
Examples of use: resistance to diseases, infections, stress; body resistance; resistance rocks weathering.

Comparable - comparative

Comparable- participle of the verb compare; one that can be compared to something.
Examples of use: comparable values, incomparable with anything.

Comparative- 1) based on comparison, 2) relative, 3) linguistic term: comparative degree, comparative adjective, comparative adverb.
Examples of use: comparative research method, comparative linguistics; comparative silence, comparative prosperity; comparative adjective, comparative degree.

Vintage - old

Old- 1) created in ancient times, 2) ancient, old
Examples of use: antique carpet, antique coin, antique jewelry, antique books; old acquaintance, old friend.

Old-1) lived for many years, 2) old, old, 3) long in use, 4) (about time) past, 5) formerly.
Examples of use: old grandfather, old woman; old grudge, old wound, old pain, old tradition; old dress, old shoes, old house; old time, old life; old address, phone number, old data.

Glass - glass

Glass- 1) made of glass, 2) such as glass, 3) motionless, lifeless.
Examples of use: glass glass, glassware; glass shine, glass ringing; glassy look, glassy eyes.

Glass- intended for glass or glass manufacturing, working with glass.
Examples of use: buy glass putty; glass workshop, glass factory, glass raw materials, glass industry.

Hearty - well-fed

Satisfying- 1) well satiating, high in calories, 2) plentiful.
Examples of use: hearty pies, a hearty dish; hearty lunch, hearty food; satisfying life, satisfying winter.

Well-fed- 1) not hungry, 2) well-fed, well-fed, 3) living in abundance.
Examples of use: a well-fed person, well-fed children, a well-fed cat, well-fed cattle; a well-fed country, a well-fed Europe.

Lucky - lucky

Lucky- one who is favored by luck; successful.
Examples of use: successful entrepreneur, successful athlete; happy hunting.

Successful- 1) ending in success, good luck, 2) good, meeting the requirements.
Examples of use: successful business, successful operation; a successful film, a performance, a successful role, successful words.

Mention - reminder

Mention- words concerning someone, said not specifically, but casually.
Examples of use: mention of an actor, mention by the way, relevant mention, mention in the press.

Reminder- words for the purpose of reminding.
Examples of use: important reminders, agreement reminders, agreement reminders, self reminders, birthday reminders, computer reminders.

become obsolete - grow old - grow old

Outdated- to become old and fall out of use or fashion.
Examples of use: views are outdated, working methods are outdated, classics will never become outdated.

Grow old- 1) become older, grow old, 2) cease to be relevant.
Examples of use: the mother grew old (became old); the book has become old; artistic techniques have become outdated.

grow old- 1) become older, change due to age, 2) change physical properties.
Examples of use: the mother has aged (become older), the rubber has aged, the metal has aged.

Royal - royal - reigning

Tsarsky- 1) associated with the monarchical form of government, 2) related to the king, 3) like a king or worthy of a king.
Examples of use: tsarist regime, tsarist autocracy; royal place, royal tomb; royal gift, royal palace.

Regal- 1) relating to the king, 2) majestic, majestic.
Examples of use: regal appearance, regal gait, regal posture

Reigning- 1) the one who reigns, participle of the verb to reign, 2) dominant, dominant.
Examples of use: reigning dynasty, reigning family; reigning orders, reigning views.

Whole - whole - whole

Holistic- representing integrity, unity.
Examples of use: holistic meaning, holistic system, holistic research.

Whole- 1) complete, 2) important, real, 3) possessing unity, 4) unharmed.
Examples of use: whole piece; all day, year; a whole drama, a whole tragedy; the whole is better seen from a distance; whole cup; safe and sound.

Whole- not composite, made from a single piece.
Examples of use: made from a single piece of marble, solid impression, solid character.

Central - centralized - centrist

Central- 1) located in the center, 2) main, main, important.
Examples of use: central point, central square, central area; central committee, central telegraph, central issue, central role.

Centralized- concentrated in the center, emanating from the center.
Examples of use: centralized power, centralized supply, centralized distribution.

Centrist- occupying a centrist position (a worldview between revolutionary and evolutionary).
Examples of use: centrist ideology, politics, centrist beliefs, centrist parties.

Efficient - spectacular

Effective- effective, leading to the desired results.
Examples of use: effective method, method; effective solution; effective techniques,techniques.

Spectacular- making an impression.
Examples of use: spectacular woman, spectacular costumes, spectacular picture, spectacular gesture, spectacular pose, spectacular performance.

Effectiveness - efficiency

Effectiveness- noun from the adjective spectacular, the ability to make an impression.
Usage examples: with strive for showiness, showiness of behavior, external showiness.

Efficiency- effectiveness, efficiency.
Examples of use: reasons for lack of effectiveness, effectiveness of impact, effectiveness of implementation of the discovery, effectiveness of funds utilization.

Language - language - language

Language- relating to language.
Examples of use: language abilities, language flair, language university, language specialty, language phenomena.

Language- made from tongue.
Examples of use: tongue sausage, canned tongue, tongue aspic.

Lingual- 1) adjective from the noun language (organ of speech), 2) part difficult words
Examples of use: lingual consonants, lingual nerve; multilingual, bilingual dictionary, Russian-language website.

In contact with

Subscription– the right to use something (or a document granting this right) for a certain period: pool membership. Subscriber– person or institution holding a subscription: telephone network subscriber.

Destination– person or organization to whom the postal item is addressed (recipient): the addressee has left, place of the addressee's signature on the receipt. Addressee– person or organization sending the postal item (sender): the addressee is unknown, the name of the addressee is indicated at the top left.

Artistic– relating to the artist; intended for the artist; characteristic of an artist, an artist, characteristic of him: artistic environment, artistic career; artistic restroom, artistic cafe, artistic soul, artistic temperament. Artistic– distinguished by artistry, artistic taste: artistic person, artistic performance.

Poor– having very meager income, poor or indigent; having a lack of something, meager; unhappy, arousing compassion, pity: poor dinner, poor clothes, poor house, poor fantasy. Disastrous- full of disasters, hardships: plight, plight.

Meek– not receiving, not giving an answer, response to something; incapable of objecting, contradicting, very meek: unrequited love, unrequited soul. Irresponsible– does not bear or is not aware of responsibility: irresponsible act, irresponsible husband.

Marshy– abounding in swamps, swampy; swampy like a swamp: marshy area. Bolotny– related to the swamp, characteristic of it; intended for work in a swamp, movement through a swamp, etc.; living, growing in a swamp: waders, marsh viper.

Grateful- feeling or experiencing gratitude. Thanksgiving- containing, containing gratitude, appreciation: thank you letter, telegram.

Charitable– aimed at providing material assistance to those in need: charity event, charitable foundation. Beneficial- useful, having a good effect: beneficial influence.

Experienced- seen and experienced a lot, experienced: seasoned hunter. Former– currently not holding any position: former minister, former commander. Former- past, past: past years, past achievements.

Reckless- done without thought or consideration: reckless boldness, reckless extravagance. Beloved- beloved, dear: beloved groom. Reckless– huge, boundless, boundless: boundless space.

Inhale– each individual intake of air into the lungs, each individual inhalation: deep breath. Sigh– increased inhalation and exhalation: a sigh escaped.

Century old. Living, existing for centuries, centuries, for a very long time. Century oak. Age-old customs. A centuries-old tradition. The age-old aspirations of the people.Eternal. 1. Infinite in time, having neither beginning nor end. Eternal matter. 2. Never ceasing to exist, never ceasing. Permafrost. Eternal snow. Eternal ice. Immortal life. Everlasting memory. Indefinite. Eternal hard labor. Eternal use. Doing the same thing for an extremely long time. Being in the same state, position. Eternal traveler. Eternal student. 3. Constant, unceasing. Eternal enmity. Eternal anxiety.

Great– exceeding the usual measure, very large; huge. Great surprise. Great evil. The mittens are big. Great multitude - so many. Great country - a state that occupies a leading position in international relations. Stately– full of solemnity; majestic. The service of the muses does not tolerate fuss; The beautiful must be majestic. (Pushkin) Majestic face. Majestic melody. Majestic gait. Majestic– full of grandeur, solemnity, majestic; full of dignity and importance. Majestic panorama. Majestic slimness. Majestic woman.

Replenish– reimburse: fill the gap in knowledge, fill the lack of strength, fill the lack of funds. Add- add new data to what others have said, make it more complete by adding to something: supplement the chapter, supplement the speech. Top up- to increase by adding something new to something existing: replenish supplies, replenish the team.

Hostile- full of hostility, hatred: hostile attitude, hostile attitude. Hostile– relating to the enemy, enemy, adversary: enemy soldier, enemy defense.

Benefit – profit, benefit derived from something, advantage, interest (usually material): to Collective farming provides many benefits. There is no benefit to buying cheap clothes. Profitability – feasibility, profitability, profitability of a business, obtaining benefits: profitability of the deposit, profitability. Profitable- containing, beneficial, favorable: good offer, good location, in a favorable light or in favorable light (to represent, to expose someone, to appear).

Issue – 1. Action according to the meaning of the verb to issue: constitution country prohibits the extradition of Russian citizens foreign countries . 2. Place where such action is performed: at We are very difficult to work with, especially in the lending department, where librarians endure enormous emotional stress. Return– 1. Action according to verb. give, give: O giving orders. 2. sport. Return kick, throwing the ball back in the game. 3.Sudden movement back firearms, guns when fired. 4. The ratio of the useful work of the mechanism to the energy it absorbs; efficiency. 5. trans. Useful result of the work: work without return. Broadcast- action under ch. convey, transmit 1. Ceremonial transfer of the banner to the Stakhanov brigade: n correct transmission of someone else's speech, transfer of money to the buyer, transfer of the ball to the player. Distribution– action under ch. distribute in the meaning of distribute: R distributing salaries, distributing assignments, working in the canteen.

Pay out– issue payment, pay in full: pay salary, pay mortgage. Pay- to give in compensation for something, to give something away, to sacrifice something for something (book): pay for books pay with your life for love of the Motherland . Pay- pay for something: pay for work, pay bills, pay for training. Pay back- to do, to do something in response to someone’s action: repay evil for evil, repay good for good, repay with black ingratitude for worries, repay in the same coin. Pay– give, contribute (money) in compensation for the following: pay off debt, pay rent.

Grow- while caring, ensure the growth, development of someone or something, nurture: grow a tree, raise a son. Increase– promote the growth of something, lengthen; grow in any quantity; accumulate: grow eyelashes, increase capital. Grow– provide the opportunity to achieve any size or size in growth: grow a braid, grow a belly.

High– 1. Having a large extension from bottom to top; opposite short. High house. A tall man. High grass. Located at a considerable distance above some level. High terrain. Located or occurring at a considerable height above something. High clouds. High ceiling. Having a level higher than normal (about water). High water. 2. Large, significant in number, strength, etc. High performance. High yield. High tempos. High prices. High pressure. Heat. 3. Very good in quality; great. High mark. High qualification. High craftsmanship. 4. Outstanding in value; honorable, important. High reward. High honor. High rank. 5. Full of deep, extraordinary content; exalted. High impulse. High feeling. 6. Upbeat, solemn (about language, style). High style. High syllable. 7. Subtle, caused by vibrations of higher frequency (about sounds). High note. High voice.High-rise. 1. Adj. to height. Altitudinal vegetation zone. Altitude sickness. Altitude characteristics. 2. Very tall, multi-story. Skyscraper. 3. Air. Produced to high altitude. High altitude flight. Designed and adapted for high altitude flights. High altitude engine. High altitude suit. High altitude aircraft.

Warranty– adjective to the noun guarantee. Containing a guarantee, serving as a guarantee: warranty card, letter of guarantee.Guaranteed– participle of the verb to guarantee; secured: constitutionally guaranteed right to work, guaranteed vacation.

Harmonic– related to harmony; based on the principles of harmony: harmonic vibrations, harmonic ensemble, harmonic processing.Harmonious– containing elements of harmony; possessing coherence, coherence, mutual correspondence of different qualities of objects, phenomena, parts of the whole: harmonious relationships, harmonious figure, harmonious union.

Clayey– containing clay, abounding in clay. Clay soil. Clay soil. Clay– 1. Made of clay. Clay pot. Clay dishes. 2. Consisting of clay, covered with clay. Clay cliff. Clay descent.

one year old– at the age of one year; lain, lasted a year: one year old child, one-year-old cheese, one-year-old hay.Annual– relating to the whole year; resulting by the end of the year, as a result of the year; yearly: annual valuation, annual income. Annual– for a period of one year, one-year: yearlong vacation, yearlong trip.

Pride– self-esteem, self-respect, feeling of satisfaction from success; high opinion of yourself: feeling of pride, national pride, filled with pride for a son, maiden pride. Pride- excessive pride: pride took over, exorbitant pride.

Humanism- progressive movement of the Renaissance; attitude towards people, imbued with love for man and concern for his well-being: true and false humanism, Dostoevsky's humanism. Humanity– a property based on the meaning of the adjective humane, humane; humanity, kindness towards someone: the humanity of the doctor, the winner; tearful humanity; sense of humanity; herald of humanity.

Humanistic–adj. To humanism. Humanistic culture. Humanistic ideas. Humanistic attitude towards people.Humanitarian– relating to the social sciences that study man and his culture. Humanities education. Humanities class.Humane– imbued with love for people, respect for the human person; humane, philanthropic. Humane man. Humane attitude. For humanitarian reasons.

Binary– based on counting in twos (pairs): binary system. Double–1.Consisting of two homogeneous or similar parts or objects; having homogeneous or similar parts. Double frames. Double mirror. Double bottom. Double chin. Directed at two objects, in two places, or from two sides, from two places. Double light. Double punch. Double check for the king. 2. Manifesting in two types, forms, containing two sides, twofold. Double action. Double anniversary. Double cast of performers. 3. Same as dual (in the 2nd meaning). Living a double life.Dual-1. One that contains two different qualities, often contradictory; contradictory. Ambivalent impression. Ambivalent feeling. Ambivalent attitude. 2. Two-faced. Dual policy. 3. Concerning two, two. Dual agreement. Dual meeting. Manifesting in two types, forms, etc.; double. Dual interpretation.Double–manifesting in two types, forms, etc.; double. Double meaning. The benefit is twofold. Double feeling. Two kinds of responsibilities.Twin– something made double: double occupation, double vacation.Doubled– enlarged, doubled: double bonus, double control.

Effective- capable of actively acting, influencing something. Effective measures. Effective help. Effective propaganda.Valid– existing or actually existed; real. Real life. Actual fact. Authentic, real. Real words. Real benefit.Active– prib. present from act: active army, active volcano, characters comedies.

Businesslike– intelligent, skillful and enterprising in work; business. Busy engineer. Expressing business concern, being busy with something. Businesslike look.Business-1. Associated with business, work, service. Business letter. Business connections. Intended, set aside for business, filled with business; worker. Business time. Business day. Concerning the merits of the matter. Business discussion. Business Guide. 2. Knowledgeable and experienced in business. Business people. Characteristic of a business person. Business tone. Business look. Busy practical side business, commercial benefit. Business circles. Business people. 3. Specialist. Suitable for processing, for the manufacture of any products; ornamental. Industrial wood. Business forest.Efficient. 1. Able to work; businesslike, businesslike. A sensible person. Efficient owner. 2. Concerning the being, practically useful, sensible. Useful advice. Good suggestion. 3. Specialist. Same as business(in the 3rd digit) Delicious forest. Good limestone.

Democratic-1. Based on the principles of democracy, implementing democracy. Democratic system. Democratic Republic. Democratic legislation. Democratic transformations. Supporting the principles of democracy. Democratic direction. 2. Characteristic of broad sections of the people who do not belong to the privileged classes. Democratic manners. Democratic education.Democratic. 1. Based on the principles of democracy, implementing democracy. 2. Same as democratic(in the 2nd value). Democratic way of life. Showing democracy in behavior and habits. Democratic interlocutor.

Dictation– written work consisting of recording dictated text: difficult dictation. Diktat- a requirement, an instruction dictated by one, strong party and imposed for unconditional fulfillment by another, weak party: dictate of authorities, dictate of conscience.

Diploma holder– a person awarded a diploma for successful performance at a competition, festival, etc.; student preparing a final thesis: competition winner, university diploma winner. Diplomat– an official engaged in diplomatic activities, work in the field of foreign relations; about a person acting subtly and skillfully: an experienced diplomat, a diplomat is the face of the state.

Diplomatic–1. Adj. To diplomacy, diplomat. Diplomatic Service. Diplomatic relations. Diplomatic representation. Diplomatic corps. Diplomatic courier. 2. trans. Subtly calculated, dexterous, evasive. Diplomatic tricks. Diplomatic conversations.Diplomatic– subtly calculated, dexterous, evasive. Diplomatic approach to business. Diplomatic response. Diplomatic position.

Long– having a large length, extension; longer than necessary; about a human: tall; slow moving: a long way, long winter . Long– long-term: long correspondence, long rainy season.

Solid– well made, durable, from good material; different high quality, strength. A good table. Good leather.Kind-1. He is disposed towards people, responsive, full of kindness, sympathy for them, and willingness to help. A kind person. Expressing disposition, sympathy, responsiveness. Kind voice. Kind eyes. Kind face. 2. Based on disposition towards people, desire for good; good, necessary, useful to people. Good advice. Good deed. 3. Favorable, bringing good, success, joy. Good news. A good sign. Good afternoon. 4. Connected by mutual affection, sympathy. Good friends. Based on mutual disposition, mutual sympathy. Good relations. 5. Very good, excellent. Good land. Good mare. Good quality, good quality. Good saber. 6. Untarnished, flawless, immaculate. Good memory. Good fame. Good name.

Trustee-1. Showing, expressing trust in someone or something. Confidential tone. Confidential voice. 2. Outdated Not subject to disclosure, secret. Letter of trust. 3. Outdated Being a power of attorney. Trust document.Confiding– easy to trust, has trust in everyone. A trusting person. Expressing trust. A trusting smile. A trusting look. Trust-based, frank. Trusting relationships.

Rain– associated with rain, caused by rain, bringing rain; designed to protect against rain: rain stream, earthworm, raincoat. Rainy– heavy rains: rainy season, year.

Dramatic– relating to drama; about the singer’s voice: strong, somewhat harsh in timbre, in contrast to the lyrical one. Dramatic– containing elements of drama, tension, expressing strong, deep experiences and feelings; calculated for effect, pompous.

Friendly– relating to a friend, belonging to, characteristic of him, characterizing the relationship of friends: friendly greeting, friendly advice, friendly meeting . Friendly– mutually benevolent, based on friendliness, expressing affection (mainly about states, peoples and relations between them): friendly attitude of states, friendly attitude. Friendly- bound by friendship, mutual agreement, occurring simultaneously, in concert: friendly silence, friendly applause, Friendly family.

Unit. 1. Only one, the only one. Single case. Single aircraft. 2. Separate, separate, individual. Single occurrence.The only one. Only one. The only son. Just one request. The one besides which there is no other. One of a kind.Single. 1. (usually with a negative) One. Not a single memory. Not a single cloud. 2. Whole, indivisible. United front. One state. Single complex. 3. Same, common; same. Unanimous opinion. One impulse.

Desired– very expected, constituting an object of desire; dear, dear: desired child, desired consent. Desirable– necessary for something, corresponding to someone’s desires, interests, expectations: desirable solution to the issue.

Hard– hard, rough (about an object): hard fabric; strict, unconditional: rigidity of measures, character, game; harshness in the voice. Cruel - ruthless, merciless; prone to cruelty.

Life – related to life: living conditions, contradictions; life experience, process, path; close to life, to reality: life image, story; important for life, socially necessary: ​​a vital question. Everyday – ordinary, characteristic of everyday life: everyday chores, everyday life, little things.

Housing– related to the construction, operation of housing, management of the stock of residential premises: housing issue, housing committee. Residential– intended for housing: residential building, residential premises.

Block out- put up a fence, fence, screen, close. Fence- surround with a fence. Fence- protect, protect. Fence off- separate by putting up a fence or partition. Block off- separate with a partition or something blocking it.

Understate- make it lower than normal, necessary, make it lower than necessary. Downgrade– make it lower; transfer to a lower, less responsible position. Reduce– make it low, lower it lower, lower the height.

To pay - 1) to give payment for something, 2) to repay (reply). Examples of use: behind to payh and shopping,behind work,h and services,behind ticket,behind travel; pay in kindbehind good (note: after the wordbehind pay is used as a noun or pronoun in V.p. with a prepositionbehind ).

Pay- to pay for something: pay expenses, pay a bill, pay for services.Pay out- give payment for something: pay a salary, pay interest on a debt, pay off a mortgage. Pay back- to do something in response to someone’s action, to take revenge: to repay with ingratitude, to repay evil for good, to repay hospitality, to repay with care and care.

Fill- take over entirely; enter the necessary information into something. Fill- make full, busy, saturated with something. Overfill- fill beyond measure.

Starter- the one who starts something; founder: z initiators of the competition. Founder of literature.Instigator– the one who starts something (usually unreliable). The instigator of the fight. Identify the instigator of quarrels.

Animal. 1. Adj. To beast. Animal howl. Animal trail. Animal skin. Inherent, characteristic of the beast; just like a beast. Animal voice. Animal lifestyle. 2. Cruel, ferocious. Animal laws. Animal custom. 3. Razg. Excessively, incredibly strong. Animal melancholy. Bestial horror.Brutal. 1. Characteristic of a beast, an animal. Brutal appearance. 2. Cruel, ferocious, wild. A brutal act. Brutal murder. Brutal torment. 3. Razg. Very strong, extraordinary. Brutal appetite. Brutal heat.

Sonorous. 1. Loud and clear, clearly sounding. Loud laughter. Sound steps. 2. Producing a ringing, clear sound. Sound piano. Sound bell. Sound stream.Sound. 1. Phys. adj. To sound (oscillatory movement of air particles or other medium). Sound wave. Sound vibrations. 2. Producing, recording or reproducing sounds. Sound device. Sound film. Talkies. 3. Consisting of sounds, produced by sound. Sound signal. 4. Adj. To sound (an articulate element of human spoken speech). Sound laws.

Visual– related to vision; intended for spectators; one with the help of which something is considered: auditorium, optic nerve, visual dictation. Spectator- relating to the viewer, characteristic of him: audience voting, audience choice.

Inventive- resourceful, quick to come up with ideas, capable of inventing. Inventive- relating to invention, to the inventor.

Informative– information-carrying, information-rich. Informational– relating to information.

Informing– message about the state of affairs, events; information about the surrounding world and the processes occurring in it, perceived by humans or special devices. Awareness– awareness, degree of knowledge of information.

Ironic– relating to irony as a stylistic device. Ironic– containing elements of irony, used for the purpose of ridicule.

Skillful- skilled, knowledgeable about his job; skillfully, well executed. Artificial- not natural, unnatural, made like the real thing, natural, unnatural.

Executive – 1. Having as its task the enforcement of decisions, regulations, practically managing something. Executive agency. Executive committee. Executive power. 2. Diligent, accurately and well fulfilling instructions and responsibilities. Executive worker. Performance list– a document containing a court order to enforce a court decision. Performing – adjective from executor. Performing skills. Performing style.

Original- initial, starting. Outgoing- sent from the institution.

Rocky- abundant in stone: rocky soil. Stone– made of stone: stone pillar.

Comfortable– providing convenience and peace of mind. Comfortable – meeting all comfort requirements.

Equestrian– associated with horses; operating with the help of horses. Horse- belonging to a horse, relating to it, equine.

Stocky– body type (short, strong, muscular). Root– original, primordial, permanent, basic; concerning the very foundations, the roots of something, decisive, the most important; main, central, core. Root– relating to the root of a plant; representing a root, consisting of a root, roots.

Bone– adjective to the noun bone; extracted from bones. Bone– made from bone, obtained from animal bones.

Colorful– bright, juicy. Coloring– participle of the verb to paint; containing paint, used for coloring. Dyed – treated with paint.

Varnished– varnished; polished, outwardly shiny, smooth. Varnish– adjective to the noun varnish; varnished (made of leather, wood, papier-mâché or metal, coated with varnish).

Ice– consisting of ice, icy; located, located on ice; happening in the ice. Ice– adjective to the noun ice; consisting of ice, covered with ice; very cold (cold as ice); extremely restrained, contemptuous - cold, destructive.

Wooded- abundantly overgrown with forest. Forest– adjective to the noun forest; located in the forest, living, growing in the forest; covered with forests; related to forestry.

Personal- relating to the individual. Private– belonging to a specific person; belonging to a person; affecting the interests of any person.

Microscopic– produced using a microscope; distinguishable, visible only through a microscope. Microscopic– very insignificant in size, size, volume.

Frozen- subjected to freezing. Freezer– intended for freezing. Frosty– relating to frost as a natural phenomenon.

Put on – cover the body with clothes (i.e. put it on oneself): put on a coat, hat; with the preposition “on” to put on oneself and someone else: put a backpack on your back, put covers on the furniture. Dress- to cover someone with clothes: dress the child.

Availability– presence, existence. Availability of forest planting material. Presence of errors.Availability-1. Same as availability. 2. The amount of something available at the moment (money, goods, etc.). Cash.

Reminder- words with the purpose of reminding. Mention – words concerning someone, said not specifically, but casually.

Ignorant - rude, ill-mannered person. Ignorant - poorly educated, ignorant person.

Intolerable- one that cannot be tolerated ( unbearable cold). Intolerant– one that cannot be tolerated: an intolerant situation, behavior; lacking tolerance, not taking into account other people's opinions: intolerant person; intolerant of other people's success. Impatient– having no patience while waiting for someone or something: impatient call, impatient child.

Unsuccessful– accompanied, ending in failure; unsatisfactory, not what it should be. Unfortunate- haunted by failures.

Reckless. One that is impossible to glance at; boundless. Endless sea. Endless fields. Endless distance.Unsightly. 1. Unattractive in appearance; nondescript.

Unsightly to look at. Unsightly appearance. 2. Not encouraging; unseemly. Unsightly past. The ugly truth of life.Impenetrable. So dark or thick, dense that nothing can be seen; impenetrable. Impenetrable darkness. Impenetrable fog.

Accused- one who is found guilty. Accusatory- containing an accusation, expressing condemnation.

Scrap- a torn, torn piece, separate, incoherent, scattered parts of something. Excerpt- a part isolated from a work, from a narrative.

Grasp– enclosing between outstretched arms, fingers, paws, etc., tightly pressing someone or something to oneself: the mother grabbed the child; the wrestler grabbed his opponent. Cover– surround, squeeze; enclose, embrace, envelop: (envelop) the neck.

Limit- to put it in some framework, boundaries, to define it by some conditions. Delimit- having differentiated, separate. Delimit– divide, indicating boundaries; accurately determine by separating one from the other.

Hail- an exclamation used to call out, i.e. shouting, stopping or calling. Response- response to a call, appeal; reflection, trace, relic of something.

Organic– characterized by life processes, alive; formed as a result of the decomposition of animal and plant organisms. Organic- conditioned by the very essence of something, organically inherent in someone or something.

Qualifying – serving to select someone or something: qualifying match, tournament; selection committee. Selective – oh selected, best in quality: selected goods, flax, coal; indecent: choice abuse, swearing.

Deviation– rejection, refusal of something, abnormality, strangeness in behavior. Evasion- moving to the side to avoid something; departure from the direct direction.

Distinguish- to establish a difference, a boundary between something, someone; stand out from others. Distinguish- to recognize, to distinguish between something or someone.

Difference- a sign that creates a difference between something or someone. Difference- difference, dissimilarity between something, someone.

Retentive.Razg. Having a good memory, remembering everything well. Mindful gardeners. Memorable person.Memorable. 1. Well preserved in memory, unforgettable. A memorable evening. Memorable dates. Memorable places. 2. only full f. Used for notes, to remind you of something. Memo. Memorial book. 3. only full f. Made in memory of someone or something. Memorial sign. Memorial plaque.

Purchasing– relating to the ability to buy. Buyer- relating to the buyer, belonging to him .

Popular– understandable, accessible, uncomplicated in presentation; enjoying wide fame and public sympathy. Populist– appealing to the broad masses and promising them a quick and easy solution to pressing social problems.

Venerable- inspiring respect, deserving it; big, significant. Respectful– treating someone with respect, expressing respect.

Practical. 1. Related to practice; associated with practice, with real needs and opportunities. Practical activities. Practical use. Practical questions. Practical advice. Practical goal. 2. One who is directly involved in any business, directly supervising someone or something. Practical guide. Practical center. 3. Being the application of any knowledge or skills in practice. Practical work. Practical lessons. 4. Associated with the application in practice (of any field of science, knowledge, etc.), with the ability to apply in practice (some knowledge). Practical mechanics. Practical medicine. 5. Same as practical.Practical mind.Practical. 1. Well versed in life's affairs, preferring what he gives real results. Practical people. 2. Profitable, convenient due to some of its properties. A practical method. Practical color. Practical advice.

Endure. 1. To endure, survive, experience something difficult or unpleasant. Endure disasters. He told about what he suffered. Suffer punishment. 2. To undergo some change. Undergo change. Undergo deformation. Undergo transformation.Endure it. 1. To survive, endure, endure a lot. Having endured the blows of fate, Rus' grew stronger. Endure sadness and boredom. You will have to endure a lot. 2. trans. And without additional Endure, overcome. Endure thirst. I survived the night.

Provide - give at disposal, use, provide an apartment, loan, credit, freedom, speech, opportunity; give the right, the opportunity to do: let a case be resolved, a dispute be settled, a price determined. Introduce - deliver, present, report: present a report, project; introduce: introduce the guest, lecturer; put forward, propose: to submit for an award, for an order, for a title, for a prize; also: cause, create: it's no problem.

Representative- making a favorable impression ( representative appearance), authoritative; awe-inspiring, important, imposing. Executive – elective ( representative body) relating to a representative office, representative ( entertainment expenses).

Recognized– enjoying general recognition. Grateful- experiencing, expressing gratitude.

Productive– bringing positive results, creating any value in the labor process, productive, fruitful. Grocery– intended for food products, associated with trade or storage of products.

Productive– Bringing obvious results, creating some value, productive. Industrial– related to production; engaged in production, involved in production.

Educational– serving for enlightenment, disseminating enlightenment. Educational- related to enlightenment, enlightenment, characteristic of them.

Journalistic– relating to journalism, to a publicist. Journalistic– touching on topical social and political issues.

Shy– fearful, frightened; expressing fearfulness. Scared– someone who has often been frightened or who is very frightened.

Irritation– a state of excitement, agitation, a feeling of acute dissatisfaction, annoyance, a cell’s reaction to external influences. Irritability – personality property.

Rhythmic- related to rhythm, subordinate to it. Rhythmic- repeating something at regular intervals.

Romantic– relating to romanticism as a movement in literature and art and as an artistic method; characteristic of romance; full of romance; emotionally upbeat, attractive with its mystery. Romantic – containing elements of romanticism, mystery, dreaminess.

Secretive– containing elements of romanticism, mystery, dreaminess. Hidden – secret, not revealed explicitly.

Vocabulary. 1. Relating to the compilation and publication of dictionaries. Vocabulary work. Dictionary publishing house. 2. Adj. To dictionary; lexical. Vocabulary composition of the language.Verbal. 1. Adj. To word. Verbal combination. Verbal material. 2. Expressed in words, in words. War of words. Verbal expression. 3. Outdated Related to literature. Verbal folk art. Literary department of the university. Verbal activities.

Resistance - resistance to pressure, attack, influence. Resistance– ability to resist, degree of resistance.

Neighboring- located close to, next to someone - something, in the neighborhood. Neighboring- relating to a neighbor, belonging to him.

Comparable. One that can be compared to something. Comparable values.Comparative. 1. Based on comparison, on establishing relationships between different phenomena by comparing them. Comparative research method. Comparative anatomy. Comparative study of languages. Obtained on the basis of comparison, as a result of comparison. Comparison table. Comparative data. 2. Gram. Expressing comparison, serving for comparison. Comparative unions. Comparative adverb. Comparative clauses. 3. Evaluated by comparison, manifested in greater or less to a lesser extent; relative. Comparative calm. In comparative abundance. Comparative degree (gram.) – a form of qualitative adjectives and adverbs that names a quality that is characteristic of a given object to a greater extent than another.

Stage– relating to the scene; associated with theatre, theatrical art, theatrical activities. Stage – suitable for the stage, for a theatrical performance, having properties necessary for the stage.

Technical– relating to technology, associated with it, with its scientific development; used in industry; related to the maintenance of equipment of any production; acting only on the instructions of the manager, not responsible. Technical– possessing skill and high technology; performed with great skill, skill (in sports, art).

Lucky- happy; the one who is lucky: lucky explorer. Successful- successful: lucky day.

Humiliated- the one who was humiliated; expressing humiliation, indicating humiliation. Humiliating- offensive to someone's dignity or pride.

Actual– valid, corresponding to the facts; real. Factual– corresponds to reality, facts, requirements of accuracy.

Predatory- characteristic of a predator, predatory.; mismanaged, unplanned, pursuing the goals of immediate gain and enrichment. Predatory– about animals: eating animals; greedy, full of desire to take possession of someone - something, to capture something, and also expressing such a desire; such as that of a predator.

Tsarsky- related to the king, luxurious, rich, belonging to him; relating to the political regime of a monarchy headed by a king. Regal- characterized by majesty and significance in scope. Reigning- fulfilling the duties of a king; the same as reigning (high) superior, superior to everyone in some respect.

Whole - all without exception, full: a whole piece, a glass; significant, large: a whole heap of papers; a whole range of questions; unharmed: all things are intact. One-piece – from one substance, piece, solid: solid slab; solid granite. Holistic – having internal unity: holistic theory.

Economic- related to economics, economic. Economical– giving the opportunity to save something, profitable. Economical – one who spends something thriftily, who observes economy; requiring moderate costs, promoting savings, modest in expenses.

Aesthetic– related to aesthetics (the science of beauty in art and life, about the general laws of artistic creativity); associated with the creation and perception of beauty. Aesthetic– beautiful, graceful; containing elements of aestheticism.

Ethical– related to ethics (a science whose object of study is morality); meeting moral requirements. Ethical – acceptable from the point of view of ethical requirements (standards of behavior).

Effective- giving an effect, effective: effective method, effective solution. Spectacular– producing an impressive effect: spectacular costumes.

Efficiency– efficiency, effectiveness. Effectiveness – catchiness, the ability to make an impression.

Language.Adj. To language (3. A system of verbal expression of thoughts, which has a certain sound and grammatical structure and serves as a means of communication between people. 4. A type of speech that has certain characteristic features; style; syllables.) Linguistic phenomena. Language flair. Linguistic kinship.Language.Adj. To tongue (1. Organ in the oral cavity). Lingual papillae. Prepared from tongue. Tongue sausage. Canned tongue.Well-spoken. 1. Sharp tongue; loving to talk, argue, quarrel. The old woman had a tongue. 2. Having the appearance, shape of a tongue (about fire, flame). Tongue flame.

Compiled based on a list of paronyms from FIPI. Contains not only paronymic pairs, but also the meanings of each paronym. Ideal for preparation, indispensable for solving tests.

List of paronyms from FIPI

Words are given without lexical meanings. The list is for informational purposes only.

Sometimes practice is more important than knowledge when preparing for an exam. The task on paronyms in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language is the same case. No matter how brilliant the thinking, it is impossible to correct one word for another if the student has not encountered them before. To succeed, you need to practice a lot, solving tests and simply periodically reading the list of passwords that may come up in the exam.

The dictionary of paronyms is based on the list of paronyms (second file) published by FIPI. This list is comprehensive. This means that words not included in it will definitely not appear on the exam. We suggest using the first file. It contains the same words, but with lexical meanings. You can print them out or save them to your computer so you can re-read them periodically. Dictionary of paronyms does not need to be memorized: readings and solutions test tasks quite enough.

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