10 strict "no" during pregnancy

Pregnancy is a state of mind, body and health of the whole organism. This is a wonderful and unforgettable period in the life of any woman, however, and quite vulnerable. That's why expectant mother you must not lose vigilance and you should know what is strictly forbidden for her in these 9 months of pot-bellied happiness.

Alcohol

The effect of alcohol on the fetus is well researched. Ethanol easily penetrates through the placenta immediately into the blood of the fetus, causing congenital deformities. Facial anomalies, microcephaly (underdevelopment of the brain), physical underdevelopment, anomalies in the development of organs - these are the dangers of drinking alcohol, especially in the first trimester.

Smoking

Cigarette smoke contains carbon monoxide, which reacts with hemoglobin and replaces part of the oxygen during gas exchange. As a result, both the mother and the fetus experience a lack of oxygen. Intrauterine hypoxia is fraught with developmental delay, problems with the cardiovascular system, and reduced immunity. Smoking during pregnancy can cause placental abruption, pregnancy failure, and even premature birth. Nicotine can also affect the psyche of the unborn child.

Coffee

Excess caffeine is believed to overstretch the cardiovascular system in the mother and fetus, cause anxiety, and can even lead to miscarriage or premature birth. But here we must make a reservation that all this is true if you drink more than 3 cups of espresso per day. Women with high pressure coffee is generally contraindicated.

Medications

In the instructions for medicine it is always stated whether it is contraindicated for pregnant women. Otherwise it's better once again consult a doctor. Prohibited during pregnancy are vasoconstrictor nasal drops, ambroxol, ambrobene, aspirin, a number of antibiotics, etc.

Medicinal herbs

Among enough a large number useful medicinal herbs there are those that can provoke a miscarriage, and those that have a negative effect on the fetus. You can find out which herbs are contraindicated in our Encyclopedia.

weight lifting

During pregnancy, avoid lifting heavy objects (no more than 2 kg). Such a thoughtless movement can provoke a miscarriage. This is especially true with uterine hypertonicity.

X-ray and fluorography

There is a risk of injury from X-ray exposure nervous system child. Therefore, this type of diagnosis is prohibited during pregnancy.

Active sports

Sports such as weightlifting, equestrianism, cycling and any other power and traumatic sports fall under a strict ban. It is recommended to give preference to swimming, walking on fresh air, (yoga and pilates).

Stress

Protect yourself from stressful situations always necessary, but especially during pregnancy. Therefore, if your work involves a busy schedule, frequent negotiations and active participation in large-scale projects, then consider how to avoid all this. The load at work should in no case be reflected either on your nerves or on the health of you and your baby.

Some Products

Do not eat raw or undercooked eggs. Eggs must be thoroughly cooked, whites and yolks must be firm. This prevents the risk of Salmonella infection. Do not drink raw (not pasteurized) milk, you can only one that has undergone thorough heat treatment or pasteurization. Raw or poorly cooked meat also forbidden to use during pregnancy. The same applies to sausages and minced meat. Should be avoided moldy cheeses. They may contain listeria, the bacteria that causes listeriosis. Even the slightest form of this infectious disease during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage or serious illness in the newborn.

At an early stage, the developing embryo is most sensitive to adverse influences, therefore, in the first weeks, the prohibitions are especially strong. However, in the following months, up to childbirth, they do not lose their relevance.

There are some very important things that pregnant women should not do. early dates:

• On many women's sites and forums, you can find questions from girls who are frightened by the fact that they took alcohol on the day of conception or in the first days after it, unaware of their pregnancy. Of course everyone knows that alcohol can have a fatal effect on the development of the baby in the womb. However, nature is not so stupid and cruel. In the first 10-12 days after conception, the embryo has not yet begun to develop and does not receive nutrition from the mother's blood, until the fertilized egg is introduced into the uterine wall. Therefore, in the worst case, the fetal egg will simply die and be excreted from the body during the next menstruation. But if it is fixed, and the pregnancy continues to develop, then everything is in order. However, after this period of 10 days, the formation of tissues and organs of the fetus begins, so you need to stop drinking alcohol before the baby is born. This is especially important in the early stages, from 3 to 13 weeks, when all organs are laid in the embryo.
• Second important point is the need to quit smoking if the woman smoked before pregnancy. It is better to do this before pregnancy, so as not to burden the body with additional stress. But once you get pregnant, it's not too late. Mother's smoking may 'reward' baby cancerous tumors or cause diseases of the central nervous system, sometimes lead to miscarriage.
• Of course, you should try to eat as much as possible. natural products.
• Inhalation must be avoided toxic substances : paints, gasoline, dichlorvos, asphalt vapors, etc.
• It is absolutely forbidden to carry out X-ray examinations, including x-ray teeth.
• You can't get vaccinated.
• It is advisable to avoid taking medicines, at serious problems with health, carefully study annotations to medicines and select analogues that do not negatively affect pregnancy.
• Not only synthetic drugs are dangerous, but also herbs. For example, parsley and oregano, consumed in large quantities, have an abortive effect.
• Caution is also required when using aromatic oils, some of them can harm the development of the fetus. So oils of tansy, wormwood, oregano, with their active use, can cause a miscarriage.
• Lying in the bath with a very hot water may lead to termination of pregnancy. If you decide to take a bath, do not forget that the water should be warm. You should not visit the bath and sauna if you are not a constant fan of these procedures or if there is a threat of termination of pregnancy. But if you are a long-time fan of steaming and breathing hot air and at the same time do not have health problems, then you do not need to deny yourself these recreational activities. Just limit the time spent in the steam room and lower the temperature in the sauna. And take good care of your body.
• Unfortunately, strong scandals are not uncommon for early miscarriage. You need to protect yourself, do not let others wag you nerves.

Second trimester of pregnancy

This trimester is usually the most calm and easy. Toxicosis, as a rule, is already passing, and the troubles associated with an increase in the abdomen and compression of the internal organs are still ahead.

Do's and don'ts for pregnant women in the second trimester:

• During this period, the libido returns to the woman, which often disappears in the first trimester. If there is no danger of abortion, then any postures and types sex not contraindicated.
• Alcohol it is still better not to include it in your menu, but if you really want, you can occasionally drink one glass of light wine or a glass of beer.
• It is forbidden hunger at. Some women, worried about the safety of the figure, sit on strict diets. But for the development of the child and wellness A pregnant woman needs a lot of protein. The menu should include meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk.
• At increased tone uterus should be avoided gravity more than 2 kg. But if the health of the expectant mother is in order, then weight up to 5 kg will not cause problems.
• Fitness not only not contraindicated, but also desirable if it does not cause negative reactions. However, the choice of exercises should be approached carefully. Horseback riding and diving should be postponed.

Third trimester of pregnancy

In the last trimester, the belly of a pregnant woman reaches large sizes, the internal organs are strongly compressed, which can cause a lot of inconvenience.

• One of the most frequent and unpleasant consequences organ compression is heartburn. To avoid it, it is recommended not to drink carbonated drinks and not overeat. It is better to eat small portions, but more often than rarely and plentifully. After eating, do not take a horizontal position for 1-2 hours.
• Recommendations for fitness and wearing weights become more strict. It is necessary to completely abandon weightlifting and avoid carrying bags weighing more than 2 kg.
• It is forbidden overwork and stay upright for a long time.
• At this time, shoes should be discarded. high heels due to the risk of ligament damage, back pain and premature birth. At the same time, flat soles contribute to the development of flat feet. Shoes should be stable, a small wide heel 2-3 cm high is ideal.

Folk omens

The people have long had a set of rules for pregnant women. Many folk omens on the topic of what not to do when pregnant do not have a logical explanation. However, there are a lot of those that contain a rational grain:

• “If a pregnant woman grabs her face in fright, the child will have a birthmark on her face.” With birthmark it may cost, but a miscarriage or premature birth strong fright can provoke.
• “A pregnant woman should not eat secretly: the child will be born shy or a thief.” Eating secretly speaks either of serious dietary restrictions, or of a pregnant woman's addiction to junk food or about overeating. All this, of course, is not good for either the woman or the baby in her womb.
• "A pregnant woman should not look at terrible animals and freaks: the child will be a freak." Emotional condition mother is important for the development of the child, even when he is still inside the uterus. Stress and negative emotions should be avoided.
• “You can’t swear during a pregnant woman: a child with a birthmark will be born.” It's also about the dangers of stress.
• “You can’t talk about the day and hour of childbirth.” Indeed, it is better to avoid disclosing this information or even reporting dates later than in reality. So you can save yourself from intrusive questions in anticipation of childbirth.
• "A pregnant woman should not play with a cat, otherwise the baby will have many enemies." If a woman did not communicate with cats before pregnancy, then she runs the risk of contracting toxoplasmosis through excrement. And this disease can cause deformities in the fetus.

For many girls, everything related to pregnancy and childbirth causes a panic state. And when the time comes to think about offspring, fear prevents you from focusing on the main thing - the birth of a child, makes you devote all thoughts to possible negative aspects both processes. There is another extreme - the belief that nature will do everything itself, so there is nothing to worry about at all. Both points of view are wrong. Pregnancy and childbirth are natural processes. But a woman must prepare for them mentally and physically, have enough knowledge about how this happens, do everything in her power for the safe bearing and birth of a healthy baby.

Read in this article

The need for this is caused not only by the material resources of the family. Here is the most important health both parents, their preparedness for the birth of a child, the creation of favorable conditions for this. The process should be started 2-3 months before the intended fertilization. It includes:

• Quit smoking and alcohol;
• Normalization of nutrition with the obligatory use of a large amount of vitamins, trace elements, fiber;
• healthy physical activity with frequent exposure to fresh air. This part of the preparation is especially useful for a woman, because it is she who will bear the child and give birth, which require endurance and energy expenditure;
• Avoidance of stress.

Actually, there is nothing complicated in these requirements, similar image life would be good for everyone to lead constantly.

Which doctors should be visited

Future parents should definitely be examined by doctors. A woman needs to visit doctors of the following specialties:

• Gynecologist. It is good that this is a specialist who will then observe the entire pregnancy. He should know about past illnesses, childbirth, abortions. The gynecologist will need the results of tests for flora, cytology, viral infections(HIV, hepatitis, syphilis), PCR studies for venereal infections, cytomegalovirus, as well as information on the body's susceptibility to rubella,;
• Dentist. Before pregnancy, you need to get rid of infections in the oral cavity, caries;
• Cardiologist;
• Otorhinolaryngologist;
• Allergist;
• Endocrinologist.

In addition to the above analyses, more research needs to be done:

• ultrasound reproductive organs and mammary glands;
• Blood and urine tests (general and biochemical);
• Hormone levels;
• Ultrasound of the thyroid gland.

If a woman is not the first attempt to get pregnant, the specialist may consider it necessary to prescribe:

• Colposcopy of the cervix;
• Hysteroscopy;
• Biopsy of the endometrium.

Taking oral contraceptives, as well as protection using the IUD, should be interrupted 2-3 months before conception. If there are genetic diseases in the family or one of the future parents had radiation exposure, it is worth visiting the appropriate specialist.

In order for conception to occur exactly when future parents want it, it is necessary to calculate the most favorable days for it. Ovulation occurs at about 11-16, if you count from the first day of menstruation.

The most important thing during pregnancy

There are many nuances in this period that you should know so that everything goes harmoniously and safely for the woman and the unborn baby. Proper Behavior helps to avoid many potential problems.

Tests

A woman will be able to understand that she is pregnant, based on her own well-being. But it will be a little later, but for now the first signs have not appeared, on help will come pregnancy test. Whatever it is, its functioning is based on the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin in the urine, which appears immediately after the implantation of the embryo inside the uterus, that is, 7-10 days after conception. And if you do a test on the first day of the expected, but not arrived menstruation, it will be informative. These devices are of several types:

• Test strips. Impregnated with a reagent that, when immersed in morning urine, gives a result with an accuracy of up to 95% in 5-10 seconds. If another control line appears next to the existing control line, the woman is pregnant;
• Tablet. Able to indicate pregnancy with a delay of less than a week. A drop of morning urine is placed in a designated window. After a while, the result is visible in the adjacent rectangle;
• Jet. It will detect pregnancy with high accuracy at the earliest possible date. The receiving tip of the device is placed under the stream of urine, and the result will be visible in a few minutes in the window intended for this.

It happens that tests give out information that does not correspond to reality. The reason for this is a violation of instructions or taking drugs containing hCG.

How to determine the term

To track pregnancy, it is necessary for both the doctor and the expectant mother to know her term. This is the basis for the appointment of studies, monitoring the development of the fetus, the possibility of detecting pathology. Thanks to the knowledge of the term, it is easy to determine the date of the upcoming birth. There are several counting methods:

• On the day of ovulation. It happens around the middle of the cycle. If it is 28 days, then conception occurred 14 days after the start date of the last menstruation. It is possible to identify the day of ovulation by regular measurements of basal temperature;
• With the help of ultrasound. The size is clearly visible on the screen gestational sac, according to which the doctor will calculate the period. This method is most informative up to 24 weeks;
• Examination of the uterus. The gynecologist will determine the period by its size, starting from the 5th week, when the organ begins to grow;
• By the first movement of the fetus. As a rule, this happens at 18-20 weeks, sometimes at the 16th. It's a bit late, but some inattentive women find out about pregnancy just like that.

How to live with pregnancy

The lifestyle should be aimed at ensuring the normal development of the unborn child and the well-being of the woman. This does not mean that all pleasures become inaccessible, but life is future mother becomes more organized.

• It is necessary to monitor nutrition so that the fetus receives enough vitamins and minerals. You should forget about coffee, green tea, seafood, legumes for now, less carbohydrates, from which weight grows. But meat, fish, dairy products, vegetables, fruits are not forbidden in the diet;
• Take vitamins as directed by your doctor. Especially important folic acid. But vitamin A needs moderate doses, otherwise the child is threatened with pathology;
• Rest and comfort are the main components of the daily routine. This also applies to clothes and underwear. Sleep should be at least 8 hours, mental, physical and emotional stress is reduced. Important 1.5-hour walks in the fresh air, exercises to strengthen the spine, abdominal muscles, perineum;
• The use of transport should be limited due to possible shaking, which creates unwanted vibration;
• Lifting weights and shock domestic labor, especially with the use of chemicals, are prohibited;
• Alcohol and smoking are the enemies of pregnancy. Even infrequent use can provoke deformities in a child;
• Medicinal preparations and plants are taken only as prescribed by a doctor;
• You should still take care of yourself carefully, but without the use of toxic cosmetics, acrylic and ammonia materials, solarium, and hardware methods. Care and hygiene products are better to choose those that are specially designed for pregnant women;
• The breast is prepared for future feeding by washing with warm and cool water, air baths for 10 minutes 3 times a day;
• With a normal pregnancy, vaginal sex is not prohibited. With an increase in the term, it is only necessary to protect the growing belly from pressure on it.

Poor health is not uncommon in different periods pregnancy. Common Problems among women:

• Toxicosis. It manifests itself from the beginning of pregnancy with nausea, vomiting, aversion to food and certain smells. By the 12th week, toxicosis disappears, but even before this time, its symptoms can be alleviated by eating a piece of salty biscuit with sweetened weak tea in the morning, drinking 1.5 liters of fluid per day, reducing portions and increasing the number of meals to 6;
• in the legs. The enlarged uterus compresses the blood vessels, so the blood supply to the muscles is disrupted. The body may be deficient in calcium and potassium. Products containing these microelements will help, mini-exercises with squeezing and unclenching the toes;
• Vertigo. They can occur for various reasons: stuffiness, tightness, fatigue. You can deal with a problem by avoiding the conditions that create it;
• Insomnia. It is caused by anxiety and changes in the body that provoke the need to go to the toilet often, the inability to choose a comfortable position due to the stomach. Sleeping at the same hours, drinking warm milk shortly before it, daytime rest will help;
• . You can fix the problem if you drink a glass of water after waking up, and add it to it before eating. lemon juice, walk a lot, introduce prunes, dried apricots into the diet.

Childbirth: readiness #1

In the entire chain of childbearing, this is what women fear the most. Childbirth is a serious test, but the vast majority of mothers have successfully overcome it. In addition, experts are always ready to help.

What to take to the hospital

Necessary things and documents should be prepared in advance. Before giving birth, you need to take with you only those that are needed directly for the woman and the newborn. Everything else is collected and left for later, these things will later be brought by a happy father.
The documents:

• The passport;
• Exchange card;
• The results of the latest analyzes to date;
• Medical policy;
• Birth certificate;
• Agreement with the clinic (if concluded).

Things for childbirth and stay in the ward:

• Spacious nightgown;
• Socks, thin and thicker, but not woolen;
• Hygiene items (soap, comb, brush and toothpaste, napkins, toilet paper);
• A pair of small terry towels;
• Robe;
• Washable slippers with non-slip soles.

Items that will be needed after childbirth and at discharge:

• Sanitary pads and disposable underwear for mom;
• 2 with front closure;
• Cream for nipple cracks;
• Laxative candles;
• Pampers for a newborn 1 set. Another is bought already in accordance with the size of the baby;
• Baby soap, cream, soft towel;
• Sterile cotton;
• Thin and thick vests, bonnets, diapers, mittens;
• A blanket or "envelope", a hat, overalls, socks for discharge. All things according to the weather;
• Clothes and cosmetics for mom. The one in which the woman came to the hospital is likely to be great.

How is childbirth

Healthy women give birth to a child in a natural way, that is, through birth canal. The process, assisted by a midwife or doctor, is divided into 3 phases:

• The first is counted from the beginning of regular contractions until the cervix is ​​fully dilated by 4 cm. This is the longest part - 8-10 hours. Sometimes the process is stimulated with medications;
• The second lasts 3-4 hours. The contractions intensify and become more frequent, the fetal bladder opens and the water leaves. The cervix opens up to 6-8 cm, and the fetus moves to the level of the pelvic floor;
• The third is characterized by the opening of the uterine os by 10-12 cm and lasts from 20 minutes to 2 hours. It passes into the main part of childbirth, although it feels like the activity of the process is weakening. But this is not so, it is after the full opening of the cervix that the fetal head passes through the pelvic ring, and after 8-10 attempts by the mother, the baby comes out. Sometimes, to facilitate this part of the path, the woman's perineum is dissected.

During the first two phases, the woman is allowed to sit up and walk around to stimulate labor. In some clinics, the process takes place with anesthesia. The condition of the woman in labor is monitored by measuring pressure, temperature, and doing vaginal examinations.

After the birth of the child and the cessation of pulsation in the umbilical cord, it is cut. The afterbirth comes out of the uterus after 2-3 contractions, the woman is given drugs to prevent bleeding.

C-section

It should be prescribed according to indications, but sometimes it is done at the request of a woman. The planned operation is carried out as follows:

• On the operating table, a woman is given an epidural or general anesthesia. They put a dropper and an apparatus for measuring pressure, as well as a catheter for diverting urine;
• The woman's stomach is wiped with an antiseptic, the doctor dissects the abdominal wall and the anterior uterus, removes the child, and cuts the umbilical cord. It takes 10-15 minutes;
• The surgeon separates the placenta, examines the uterine cavity, sews up the organ. Then the seams are applied to the abdominal wall, bandage and ice on top;
• The woman is placed in intensive care for a day, where saline and antibiotics are administered.

After transfer to the ward, the stitches are processed every day, the painkiller is stopped after 3-4 days.

The woman's body recovers faster;

No need to waste time looking for the right one baby food, money to buy it, fiddling with the preparation and sterilization of bottles.

Usually the baby is applied to the breast on the third day after birth, and before that the woman has to express herself. It hurts, but it is necessary that then you can feed for at least 6 months, and preferably up to a year. In this regard, new mothers are concerned about two problems:

• lack of milk;
• Cracked nipples.

The first is solved by frequent attachment of the child to the breast, taking lactation-stimulating drugs: infusion of anise seeds, grated carrots with sour cream. A woman will have to drink plenty of fluids and eat right to prevent gas formation in the baby.

Cracked nipples should be treated with special creams and air baths. It is also necessary to learn how to properly breastfeed the baby so that he captures the nipple along with the areola.

body after childbirth

In this part, the stomach delivers the most suffering to women. He is no longer as flat as before, during pregnancy, the muscles stretched and sagged slightly. But you don't have to put up with it. Some steps can be taken:

• Change nutrition. If you include oatmeal, rice, vegetables, fruits in your diet, drink plenty of water, this will spur metabolic processes. Fat from the abdomen will slowly but steadily begin to go away. Do not forget that a large amount of fiber is harmful to the baby if he is breastfed. And starvation is unacceptable, because the milk will disappear. Therefore, in your zeal for harmony, you need to know the measure;
• Restore muscle tone. Gentle exercises for the abdomen will help: abdominal breathing, its tension on a walk, doing household chores. You need to increase the load gradually, you can intensively engage in six months after childbirth, if they passed without complications.

postpartum discharge

The uterus after childbirth is not restored in a day. This process is stretched for a certain period, during which the woman has lochia. At first, they contain a lot of blood, then they gradually brighten and by the end of the 6-8th week after birth they become transparent or white.

Menstruation can come in 1.5-2 months if the woman is not breastfeeding. Lactation lengthens the period without menstruation to six months. But on average and breastfeeding they begin on the 4th month after childbirth, because by this time the child is already being introduced to complementary foods and less is being applied to the breast.

Sex after childbirth

You will have to refrain from it for another 4-6 weeks if the birth was normal. The sexual sphere of a woman should be fully restored, then sex will be a joy, and will not cause pain and infection.
After caesarean section or perineal ruptures, recovery will take 2 months.

At the first sexual intercourse, a woman may feel pain and discomfort. This is due to the dryness of the vagina, which can be corrected with a lubricant, but rather a long prelude to the act. Wall tone is almost always reduced. But this problem is also solvable by training the vagina with Kegel exercises.

Thanks

The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Expert advice is required!

Why can't pregnant women raise their hands up?

Previously, it was believed that in this position the fetus is in danger of entwining the neck with the umbilical cord and suffocation. This is not true. The raised hands of a pregnant woman cannot in any way provoke the child to become entangled in the umbilical cord.

However modern research found that the posture of a pregnant woman with her arms raised up is still unfavorable for the fetus. The "hands up" position becomes dangerous for mother and child, starting from the 2nd trimester pregnancy. If a woman stands in this position motionless for a long time, the amount of oxygen supplied with blood to the child decreases. Hypoxia occurs - oxygen deficiency, which has a detrimental effect on the baby's brain cells.

The brain of the most pregnant woman in this position of the body also receives less oxygen than it needs. This can result in fainting and falling to the floor. This, of course, is completely useless to either the mother or the child.

In addition, a long stay of a pregnant woman in a position with raised arms can lead to premature discharge of amniotic fluid, and therefore, to preterm labor.

But this does not mean that a pregnant woman cannot raise her hands at all. Only static load (stationary standing) is dangerous. A dynamic load (gymnastics, hanging clothes) in the normal course of pregnancy is quite acceptable. A load with a short-term raising of hands does not at all affect the health of the unborn child, does not cause hypoxia.

Can pregnant women drink coffee?

Pregnant women should not drink coffee because of the caffeine it contains. Caffeine is a substance that increases blood pressure, increasing heart rate. At the same time, caffeine causes excitation in the nervous system.

If these changes in the body are easily tolerated by a healthy grown woman, then for a pregnant woman they are completely undesirable. An increase in blood pressure in a pregnant woman can lead to such a sad result as spontaneous interruption pregnancy (miscarriage).

In addition, the caffeine contained in a cup of coffee drunk easily crosses the placenta and affects the fetus, causing an overload of immature systems (cardiovascular and nervous). It is difficult to predict how this impact will subsequently affect the development of the born child.

Therefore, if the expectant mother cares about the health of her expected baby, she should give up coffee. As a last resort, sometimes (not every day!) You can afford one cup of your favorite drink. But it is much more useful to drink clean water and fresh, natural juices.

Why shouldn't pregnant women cut or dye their hair?

A popular sign forbidding pregnant women to cut their hair is based on the belief that hair stores the vitality of a person. If a pregnant woman cuts her hair, her vitality will weaken, and the child will be born dead or premature. This is superstition.

But in fact, during pregnancy, changed hormonal background greatly changes the structure of the hair. Hair begins to behave unpredictably: it can become naughty, begin to curl, or vice versa, straighten. Hairdressers are well aware that the hair of pregnant women is difficult to dye, perm, and after cutting they do not want to fit into their hair.

If a woman who is carrying a child does not want to be upset about an unsuccessful haircut, then it is better for her to refuse this event. If an unexpected change in image does not spoil your mood, feel free to go and cut your hair. life force it won't take you away.

Why should pregnant women not be nervous?

Pregnant women should not be nervous, so as not to negative influence on the development of the fetal nervous system. In the body of a pregnant woman experiencing feelings such as fear, irritation, depression, anger, an increased amount of adrenaline is produced, and the hormonal background also changes. Moreover, the release of adrenaline and hormones occurs with strong positive emotions.

For the unborn child, all these experiences of the mother are extremely harmful. After all, all the substances produced during stress, with the mother's blood, enter his immature body, causing undesirable consequences. In the initial period of pregnancy, stress can cause the development of defects in the cardiovascular and nervous systems of the baby. severe stress can even lead to miscarriage.

In the second half of pregnancy, when the fetal nervous system is already sufficiently developed, negative emotions mothers can cause the child to be born hyperexcitable, whiny, irritable. Subsequently, such children may suffer from headaches, insomnia, dizziness.

In addition, stress hormones, by saturating the amniotic fluid, displace oxygen from it. And the lack of oxygen (hypoxia) is extremely unfavorable for the brain cells of the unborn child.

Therefore, doctors advise expectant mothers to lead a calm, measured life avoiding both negative and strong positive emotions. How can this be achieved? Indeed, during pregnancy, the emotionality and excitability of a woman increase!

It is necessary to carefully plan such a daily routine in which there will be enough time for sleeping, walking, relaxing, contemplating things that are pleasant for a woman. Books to read, movies and TV shows to watch, you need to choose those that create a bright, joyful, calm mood. Meetings with overly emotional acquaintances and girlfriends are best avoided. Of course, it is impossible to completely protect yourself from experiences in unpredictable everyday circumstances. And yet, pregnant women should try to be less nervous, at least partially excluding negative emotions from their lives.

Are grapes good for pregnant women?

For all useful properties grapes, doctors recommend that pregnant women exclude this product from their diet. Grapes are poorly digested, causing increased gas formation in the intestines, and a feeling of heaviness in the stomach. Suppose the expectant mother, adoring grapes, will easily endure these troubles. But after all, the baby in her womb will also suffer from pain in the intestines! Why subject him to suffering even before birth?

In addition, grapes are very high-calorie product calling fast growth fetus (and in the process of giving birth to a large baby, complications are always possible) and excessive weight gain of the mother. For this reason, a month before the birth, doctors insist on limiting any sweets in the diet. Grapes should be completely eliminated.

Why shouldn't pregnant women wear high heels?

Wearing shoes with high heels (i.e., heels higher than 3-4 cm) causes an increased load on the pregnant woman lumbar spine and ligaments of the legs. The muscles of the legs and pelvis are overly strained: after all, the weight of a woman is increasing every day. The muscles of the uterus also tense, its tone rises - which means that there is a risk of miscarriage.

Another danger high heels during pregnancy - the development subsequently (maybe after a few years) of varicose veins in the legs.

However, shoes with a completely flat sole, without heels, also do not contribute to unloading the leg muscles, ligaments and veins. Such shoes can cause the development of flat feet.

Optimal for wearing during pregnancy are shoes with a heel height of 2 to 4 cm.

Can pregnant women take a bath or go to the bath?

Pregnant women can and should take a bath. But the water in the bath should be warm, or slightly cool - 36-38 o. You can't take a hot bath. Dive into hot water accompanied by an increase in blood pressure, a rush of blood to the skin and internal organs, including the uterus. There is a risk of abortion. After all, a hot bath has long been a well-known, albeit unsafe, folk way cause miscarriage in an unwanted pregnancy.

But if pregnancy is desired and you want to give birth healthy child- avoid hot foods water procedures, including from hot foot baths. Splash on health in cool water - it will not cause any harm to you or your unborn child.

The same is true with a visit to the bath. Heat air in the bath, especially in the steam room - a risk factor for miscarriage or premature birth. It is especially dangerous to visit the bath in the I and III trimesters. And if the pregnancy proceeds with some complications, you should forget about the bath.

But swimming in the cool water of the pool is very useful. But here, too, one should remember about safety measures: next to a pregnant woman while bathing, there must be someone who can provide assistance if necessary.

Why shouldn't pregnant women drink carbonated water?

Drinking sparkling water for pregnant women is not recommended for several reasons:
1. Carbon dioxide contained in carbonated water, increases the concentration of gases in the intestines - flatulence develops. The intestines burst from the inside with gases, abdominal pain occurs, heartburn is possible. The same phenomena occur in the intestines of the fetus.
2. Drinking carbonated drinks promotes the excretion of calcium from the body. And the consumption of calcium in the body of a pregnant woman is already increased: it is needed for the formation of the bone and cardiovascular system of the fetus. For the normal functioning of the mother's body, calcium is also necessary. Therefore, its additional waste associated with drinking carbonated water can lead to the development of osteoporosis - excessive fragility and fragility of bones.

3. The composition of carbonated water is also unfavorable for the body of a pregnant woman: carbonated water is mainly produced on the basis of natural mineral waters rich in chlorides (chlorine compounds). And chlorides cause fluid retention in the body, as a result of which edema develops.

Why should pregnant women not be refused, quarreled with or offended?

The popular belief that one should not refuse anything to pregnant women, offend them or quarrel with them, is based only on the fact that unrest, stress, and negative emotions are contraindicated for pregnant women. And quarrels and resentments, refusal of any request, no doubt, will cause a woman to release adrenaline and stress hormones, which will adversely affect the development of the fetus.

Are mushrooms good during pregnancy?

Although mushrooms are a valuable food product containing a large amount of vitamins, protein, trace elements, etc., doctors recommend excluding mushrooms from the diet of pregnant women. This ban has three major reasons:
1. Mushrooms are a very difficult product for digestion, and they cannot be called easily digestible. And in the fetus, mushrooms eaten by the mother can cause disruption of the immature gastrointestinal tract.
2. Mushrooms are obligate allergens, i.e. to products that often cause an allergic reaction. Eating them by a pregnant woman can form an allergic mood in the developing fetus.
3. The most compelling reason is that most people are not very knowledgeable about mushrooms. Among the mass good mushrooms, collected with his own hands, and even more so bought on the market, it may well turn out to be poisonous mushroom. The use of food prepared from these mushrooms will cause unpredictable consequences. And if a pale toadstool lurks in a mass of mushrooms, there is only one outcome - the death of both the mother and the unborn child.

Can pregnant women eat chocolate?

Chocolate is highly nutritious food product, which contributes to the production of human body the so-called pleasure hormones (endorphins). Unfortunately, enjoying chocolate is contraindicated for pregnant women.

Due to the content of cocoa butter and cocoa powder in chocolate, this product is an obligate allergen, and it is also aggressive. Under its influence, the body of the growing fetus is ready for allergic reactions. Therefore, for the sake of the health of the unborn child, a pregnant woman needs to show willpower and give up chocolate.

Why shouldn't pregnant women eat spicy things like garlic?

Spicy dishes containing a large amount of pepper, vinegar and other seasonings or spices always cause thirst. They always want to drink water, and at the same time they drink a lot of water. The kidneys cannot cope with the increased load, and edema occurs.

In addition, spicy foods are an increased burden on the liver and gallbladder. Fans of "spicy" food often suffer from cholecystitis.

During pregnancy, all the problems that arise in the body of the expectant mother, as in a mirror, are reflected in the immature, growing body of the fetus. His kidneys and liver suffer in the same way from the substances contained in spicy food. The allergic mood is also on the rise.

Throughout pregnancy daily rate water consumption is at least 2 liters. You need to drink water in small portions, but often enough.

In hot weather, early toxicosis, with any disease of a pregnant woman, the need for water increases. The hotter it is outside (and in the house), the higher the body temperature of the patient, the more water she needs to drink. Water deficiency leads to a decrease in the immunity of both the pregnant woman herself and the unborn child.

Drinking plenty of water by itself cannot cause either the appearance of edema or an increase in pressure. The only negative point in drinking plenty of water is the removal of a large amount of salts from the body. Therefore, in the heat it is recommended to drink slightly salted water, or slightly acidified. apple cider vinegar. These recommendations apply not only to pregnant women, but to all people in general.

And edema and an increase in blood pressure are the result of heart, kidney or vascular diseases.

Can you drink milk during pregnancy?

Milk should not be drunk only for those pregnant women who are allergic to dairy products. Everyone else can and should drink milk: after all, it is a source of calcium, which is necessary for building the skeletal system of the fetus. It is especially important to drink enough milk in the third trimester.

Of course, it is best for pregnant women to drink whole, natural cow's milk. But, unfortunately, it is available only to residents countryside. Citizens have to be content with pasteurized milk. Powdered milk is not recommended for pregnant women.

The body absorbs milk better in the morning. Pregnant women are advised to drink it in the morning on an empty stomach. But it is undesirable to drink any food with milk: it suppresses the secretion of gastric juice.

You can also drink milkshakes: a mixture of milk with vegetable or fruit juice. In this form, milk is absorbed much better.

Why shouldn't pregnant women lift weights?

Lifting weights, a pregnant woman risks causing a miscarriage or premature birth. This is due to the fact that when lifting weights, intra-abdominal pressure increases - and hence the pressure on the uterus.

The body of a pregnant woman is in the process of restructuring aimed at facilitating childbirth: cartilage (especially pelvic) acquire a loose structure; the bones of the skeleton become more fragile (calcium is partially washed out of them).

In this state, lifting weights is simply dangerous. Of course, maybe everything will work out, but is it worth the risk? You can damage your own spine, which is already subjected to an increased load during pregnancy, which increases daily.

But what to do if you need to carry, for example, purchases, but there is no one to help?

• Do not buy too much: it is not recommended to lift more than 3 kg for a pregnant woman.
• Divide your purchases into two bags so that both hands are loaded evenly.
• In no case do not try to lift a heavy load with a jerk. Squat down slightly with your legs bent, and lift the load so that the load is not on your back, but on your legs and arms.
• A special prenatal bandage helps to reduce the load on the spine.

Is it possible to have sex during pregnancy?

There is no categorical ban on having sex during pregnancy. It all depends on the health of the woman. If the pregnancy proceeds without complications, there is no toxicosis, the woman feels good - having sex is not only acceptable, but also useful.

The sexual act is accompanied by the release of endorphins in the body of both partners - "happiness hormones", or "pleasure hormones". These hormones are transferred with the bloodstream to the unborn child, beneficially influencing its development.

You can have sex at any stage of pregnancy, if it allows general state women and her mental state. You just need to choose positions in which both partners feel comfortable, and the pressure on the stomach is minimized.
However, there are contraindications to sex during pregnancy. These include conditions such as:

• pregnancy with a risk of miscarriage;
• spontaneous termination of previous pregnancies;
• the birth of premature babies from previous pregnancies by a woman;
• multiple pregnancy;
• the presence of a woman

Wondering what not to do during pregnancy? This question every woman is interested in the news that will soon appear new life This is not only a joy, but also a cause for excitement. In the soul of every woman, a sense of responsibility for that little miracle that is yet to be born grows stronger. During this period, the lifestyle changes dramatically, you have to pay attention to those things that you did not even suspect existed before. In this article, we will try to cover the main aspects that cannot be done during an "interesting" position.

The right diet for the expectant mother

In fact, the food that a woman consumes is the key to the full development of the baby - after all, essential vitamins and trace elements that the fetus needs so much. First of all, give up diets for weight loss - starving yourself is fraught with many consequences. If a woman adheres to any diet for health reasons, she should definitely consult a doctor. Also, do not allow dehydration of the body.

Besides:

• Try to avoid consumption of cinnamon, parsley or basil - they can negative impact on the digestive system;
• Give up raw eggs(except for quail), your favorite sushi, shellfish, dried fish- the risk of contracting salmonellosis increases many times, not to mention such an unpleasant problem as helminths;
• Refuse smoked meats and undercooked meat, as bacteria are not completely destroyed in it.

  Give preference to dishes from boiled or stewed meat;

• Eat plenty of vegetables and fruits, but you need to wash them especially carefully. If you are not sure about the origin of the products, it is best to douse them with boiling water before eating;
• Some dairy products will also have to be excluded from the diet - ayran, brie cheese, feta and others. soft types which are made from unpasteurized milk. Only varieties of cheeses that are made from pasteurized milk are safe;
• The consumption of alcohol and caffeine is strictly prohibited, the doctor may allow you to treat yourself to a cup of coffee, but very rarely. Such products can increase arterial pressure, and this is not the most favorable phenomenon for a pregnant woman, so we boldly replace coffee with chicory, and wine with freshly squeezed juice;
• Do not get carried away with citrus fruits, chocolate, strawberries, nuts, exotic vegetables and fruits - they can cause allergies in a child in the future;
• If possible, refuse products that contain dyes, stabilizers, thickeners, aroma and taste enhancers;
• Forget about fast food - chips, hamburgers, croutons should be blacklisted.

In general, the diet of the expectant mother should contain all the vitamins and microelements vital and necessary for the health of the baby, such as iodine, iron, folic acid, calcium and many other substances. It is also important to enrich the body with antioxidants during pregnancy - they will serve to prevent complications and increase immunity. The best way to give yourself and your child everything you need and not miss anything is to take vitamin-mineral complexes with a balanced composition, such as Vitrum Prenatal Forte. This drug is approved by obstetrician-gynecologists as one of the most reliable and proven means for women who are expecting or just planning to have a baby.

your habits

• Expectant mothers should refrain from taking hot baths or saunas. Excess heat above 39 degrees can affect the formation of the fetus, and in some cases cause a miscarriage;
• Take a closer look at your cosmetics: creams, shampoos, mascaras should not contain toxic substances. But hair coloring should be abandoned for a while, since hormonal processes go through a woman's body, which can be affected by artificial dyes that penetrate the scalp. To strengthen the hair, use natural remedies - decoctions of medicinal herbs, henna, masks, and so on;
• For a while, give up repellents, self-tanning products and other substances, since some of them may contain more harmful substances that affect the development of the fetal nervous system;
• Medicines can only be taken as prescribed by a doctor - even tetracycline or paracetamol, which is familiar to many, can cause serious complications in the fetus;
• Don't lift weights, jump, walk fast, or exercise hard. Slow yoga will be a good substitute, and it is better to take a break from vigorous activity. Maximum weight, which can be lifted - 5 kilograms, and on recent months- 3, because the expectant mother already has a hard time;
• Quit smoking, remember that even passive smoking is harmful, so stay away from smoking areas;
• When cleaning your home, ask a member of your household to help you, as many detergents and household chemicals contains toxins. For a while, replace them with regular soap or a hypoallergenic product. Also, pregnant women are not recommended to take part in the repair, even if you really want to equip the children's room on your own, entrust it to your family. Volatile compounds of paints, glues and other substances are a serious hazard;
• If you have a cat in your house, ask someone from the household to take care of her for a while. Cats are carriers of toxoplasmosis, a virus that is dangerous to the fetus.

Change your lifestyle. You are not allowed:

• Give up high heels for a while - you create an additional load on the spine, it is negligence during this period that causes postpartum back pain;
• Choose loose clothing made from natural materials, give up tight and uncomfortable things;
• In the first trimester, the mother should absolutely not take an x-ray - only on the testimony of a doctor, and no vaccinations should be given, especially against smallpox or malaria - they can cause malformations in the fetus;
• Try to worry less and not overwork, because this state of the mother is transmitted to the baby;
• Limit time spent at the computer or with mobile phone- the harm of radiation has not yet been proven, but it is still better to play it safe. If you have electric mattresses and blankets in your home, it is better to give them up for a while;
• Try to avoid long trips. Many women during this period are contraindicated to drive a car and fly an airplane. This is especially true for those who suffer from bleeding, hypertension and other diseases;
• Try to avoid very crowded places as your body is now very sensitive to all infections. It is also likely that in a crowd a woman in position may be accidentally pushed or hurt her stomach;
• Do not ignore your ailments - not only health, but also the life of your baby may depend on your delay, therefore, when anxiety symptoms contact your doctor immediately.