What to eat in the early stages. Advice for expectant mothers: what pregnant women should not do in the early stages. Proper nutrition for a pregnant woman

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Introduction. How to recognize the onset of labor?

Many pregnant women often wonder about the upcoming date childbirth, and women who are about to give birth for the first time are especially worried. As a rule, they are very afraid of not recognizing the onset of labor in time and confusing it with a temporary illness. In many cases, a woman's careful observation of the changes that occur in her body will help resolve these worries.

Already at 38 weeks, the prenatal period begins, when the first precursors of labor and the first, still irregular (training) contractions occur. Such contractions appear irregularly, and they go away after a change in body position or a short rest. In first-time mothers, such training contractions of the uterus can last five, and in some cases even more, days before giving birth. When they appear, there is no need to worry and urgently go to the maternity hospital, but about such changes in your body expectant mother should inform your doctor, family and friends.

When the first signs of leakage or rupture of amniotic fluid appear, which may indicate the onset of labor or premature labor, the woman should immediately notify the doctor or independently contact a medical facility to decide on further hospitalization.

If a woman has learned to recognize training contractions, then she will be able to distinguish them from the onset of labor, or true contractions. These sensations are difficult to confuse with any other symptom, since they are characterized by periodicity and rhythm. For example, a contraction lasts 20-30 seconds, and then there is a 20-minute pause - this is repeated many times in a row, and the time intervals hardly change.

At the beginning of the onset of labor contractions, the woman in labor or her relatives must notify the doctor about the onset of labor and call " ambulance"or go to the maternity hospital on your own.

Reasons for the onset of labor

By the beginning of labor, many complex processes occur in the body of a pregnant woman, which, being in close interconnection, ensure the beginning of such a reflex act as labor.

The main reason for the onset of labor is the readiness of the uterus for the birth of the unborn child and the maturity of the fetus.

Uterus ready for childbirth:

• gains sufficient weight and size;
• her neuromuscular system is ready for contractile activity;
• The placenta matures completely.

2 or 3 weeks before the onset of labor, the uterus is freed from an excess of some nerve fibers. This reduces pain during childbirth and increases the contractility of the uterine walls.

The process of onset of labor is influenced by several factors:

• neuro-reflex – as a result of decreased excitability of the brain, increased excitability of the spinal cord and increased sensitivity muscle fibers the uterus reacts to oxytocin and produces increased contractile activity of the uterus;
• hormonal- at the end pregnancy the production of progesterone decreases and the production of the estrogen complex increases, which stimulate the onset of labor;
• neurohumoral – at the end of pregnancy, the woman’s body increases the synthesis of oxytocin, prostaglandins, serotonin and other bioactive substances, which increase the sensitivity of the uterus to substances that cause active contraction of its muscles;
• bioenergy – a sufficient amount of substances (glycogen, ATP, phosphorus compounds, electrolytes and trace elements) accumulate in the mother’s body, which make the uterus capable of enhanced contractile activity;
• mechanical - a mature uterus loses its ability to stretch, and in response to the motor activity of the fetus and an increase in the level of oxytocin-like hormones, it begins to actively contract;
• trophic and metabolic – the accumulation of certain waste products in the body of a mature fetus leads to its active movement, and degenerative processes in the mature placenta and the complete maturation of the muscle fibers of the uterus contribute to the onset of labor.

The state of the nervous system of the woman in labor is of primary importance in the formation of all mechanisms for the onset of labor, since it is she who ensures the readiness of the uterus for natural childbirth.

All of the above factors, being closely interrelated, contribute to the appearance of contractions, which are replaced by pushing and end with the expulsion of the fetus from the uterine cavity and the birth of the placenta.

Harbingers of the onset of labor

Precursors of labor are a set of signs that indicate the imminent onset of active labor. There are many precursors to the onset of labor, but for each woman their totality is individual and depends on the characteristics of the expectant mother’s body.

Harbingers of childbirth:

• Abdominal prolapse.
  This change, which is determined by an outwardly slight downward displacement of the abdomen, is individual for each pregnant woman and cannot always be noticed independently. In primiparous women, this precursor may appear 2-4 weeks before the day of birth, and in multiparous women, a few days or immediately before birth.


• Gait changes.
  The nature of the gait changes after the abdomen drops. The woman begins to waddle due to the pressure of the baby's head on the pelvic bones and the fundus of the uterus.


• Changes in urination and bowel habits.
  Abdominal prolapse can cause increased frequency of urination or urinary incontinence, as the uterus begins to more pressure on the bladder. The mechanical impact of the pregnant uterus on the intestinal walls can provoke constipation, and in some cases, diarrhea, several weeks or days before birth.


• Changes in the nature of discharge from the genital tract.
  Vaginal discharge under influence hormonal changes become more abundant and liquid. In some cases, to exclude the discharge of amniotic fluid, an obstetrician performs a special test.


• Removal of the mucus plug.
  This harbinger of labor can occur 2 weeks before the onset of labor, or several hours before it begins. In some cases, the mucus plug does not come off entirely, but in small portions. In practice, this sign looks like the discharge of vaginal discharge (sometimes mixed with a small amount of blood). A pregnant woman should inform her obstetrician-gynecologist about the passage of the mucus plug.


• Reduced body weight of the expectant mother.
  A few days before giving birth, a pregnant woman may notice that she weighs 1-2 kg less. This weight loss can be explained by the removal of excess fluid from the body under the influence of changes in hormonal levels.


• Decreased number of fetal movements.
  The fetus moves less often a few weeks before birth. This is due to its rapid growth. The unborn baby becomes cramped in the uterine cavity, and his movements are difficult.


• Training contractions.
  Closer to the date of birth, the uterus begins to move more and more often. increased tone, which is expressed in the feeling of training contractions. They differ from labor contractions in a number of features: short duration, irregularity, weak painful sensations(reminiscent of pain during menstruation), spontaneous disappearance after changing body position or resting.


• Manifestation of the "nesting" instinct.
  Many women in last days and even the hours before childbirth begin to prepare the home for the upcoming birth of the child. These actions can be expressed in the fact that a woman begins to diligently clean, do laundry, and may even start repairs.


• Changes in the cervix.
  Only an obstetrician-gynecologist can notice such a harbinger of an approaching birth when examining a woman in a gynecological chair. Under the influence of estrogen hormones, the cervix shortens and becomes more elastic by week 38. The external os of the cervix begins to open before the onset of labor contractions.

Precursors of childbirth in primiparous and multiparous women have their own characteristics.

Harbingers of the onset of labor - video

Signs of the onset of labor

Reliable signs of the onset of labor are:
1. Contractions;
2. Rush of amniotic fluid.

These two signs always indicate the onset of labor and every pregnant woman should know how they proceed.

Contractions

True, or labor contractions, are contractions of the muscle fibers of the uterus, which occur at regular intervals and which a woman cannot control. It is this sign that marks the moment of the onset of labor.

The first true contractions are accompanied by minor painful sensations, which most women compare to pain during menstruation. The pain is tolerable and can radiate to the lower back or be localized in the lower abdomen. Most women in labor begin to feel contractions at night. Some women note that during labor, the “uterus turns to stone,” that is, if during labor a woman in labor puts her hand on her stomach, she can feel the hard, tense uterus.

You can determine the truth of contractions using a stopwatch. Their frequency and constant occurrence, which is not eliminated by changing body position, taking a warm bath or rest, indicates the onset of labor.

At first, contractions occur at intervals of half an hour (in some cases more often). With each contraction, the woman in labor begins to feel not only pain, but also rhythmic contractions of the muscles of the uterus. Gradually, contractions become more noticeable, and their frequency, duration and intensity increase. With each contraction, the amniotic sac and fetal head press against the fundus of the uterus, causing the cervix to gradually dilate.

Rush of amniotic fluid

In the classic course of labor, the amniotic fluid is released after the cervix is ​​dilated to 3-7 cm. Under the pressure of the fetus, the amniotic membrane ruptures and part of the amniotic fluid flows out.

A woman in labor, with a classic rupture of water, may feel as if she has involuntarily urinated. In some cases, water pours out gradually, in small portions. In this case, a woman may notice the appearance of wet spots on her underwear or bed linen and experience sensations similar to vaginal or menstrual discharge.

Sometimes the discharge of amniotic fluid can occur before the onset of regular contractions and dilatation of the cervix, or much after the complete dilatation of the cervix. These conditions do not always mean that pathology of labor or the fetus will be observed, but usually gynecologists use various special tactics for the further management of such labor to prevent possible complications.

Signs of the onset of labor - video

Contractions at the beginning of labor

Obstetricians-gynecologists distinguish three phases of labor pains:

Initial (hidden) phase:

• contraction duration – 20 seconds;
• frequency of contractions – 15-30 minutes;
• dilation of the uterine pharynx – 0 or up to 3 cm.

The duration of the initial phase is from 7 to 8 hours.

Active phase:

• contraction duration – 20-60 seconds;
• frequency of contractions – 2-4 minutes;
• dilation of the uterine os – 3-7 cm.

Duration active phase ranges from 3 to 5 hours. Usually it is in this phase that the amniotic fluid is discharged.

Transition phase:

• contraction duration – 60 seconds;
• the frequency of contractions is 2-3 minutes;
• opening of the uterine pharynx is 7-10 cm.

The duration of the transition phase is from half an hour to one and a half hours.

Labor contractions occur in the first stage of labor (dilation period).

The onset of labor in first-time mothers

Possible precursors of labor in first-time mothers have their own characteristic features. As a rule, they have a more pronounced time difference between the day of birth and the date of the appearance of precursors. Some expectant mothers are overly emotional and take any slight ailment as a harbinger of childbirth. If they are unaware of this or that sign, they may not notice them.

What can and cannot be done by women during pregnancy? What habits should they get rid of as quickly as possible so as not to harm the health of the unborn child? How should their diet change while pregnant? What should pregnant women not do according to folk wisdom? Which sports are good for the health of a young mother, and which ones can cause her to have a miscarriage or cause premature birth? The answers to all these questions can be found in this article.

What should pregnant women not do in the early stages?

The first and most important thing that expectant mothers should give up is the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes. Starting from 3-4 weeks and ending at 12-13, the formation of the baby’s internal organs occurs. It is at this time that it is especially important to try to limit the entry of harmful substances into the mother’s body in order to preserve the health and sometimes the life of the baby.

Smoking and drinking “fun” drinks in the early stages can lead to early toxicosis and severe pregnancy. In addition, these habits can cause the birth of a child with heart defects and other health problems. Thus, a baby may be born with incorrect body proportions. Smoking and alcohol consumed by the mother in the first trimester can cause strabismus, as well as drooping eyelids in the baby. Children whose mothers drank or smoked are usually born with low immunity and poor memory. They are usually far behind their peers in development.

Additionally Women carrying a baby should avoid sports training. They can cause spontaneous miscarriage.

It is contraindicated for expectant mothers to be nervous. They need to look at all life's adversities with a smile. Don't worry about trifles. If something serious happened, then you should try not to think about it or, as psychologists advise, try to find something good in what happened.

From state of mind the health and life of the baby depends on the expectant mother. She should remember that all the neuroses and stress that she experiences early stages, are transmitted to him. Due to the frequent experiences of a woman during pregnancy, her baby, at best, may be born weakened and nervous. At worst, she may “lose” the child while she is still pregnant.

We need to change our daily routine. If before pregnancy a young woman slept less than 6 hours a day, then it’s time to change that. While carrying a baby, the expectant mother needs to rest as much as possible and should not be overtired. She should sleep at least 9 hours a day.

A girl “in pregnancy” should stop using all kinds of medications, unless, of course, her life depends on them. We are talking about cases where a pregnant woman has a serious illness in which maintaining her health depends on taking certain medications. You should check with your doctor about how to continue to use them correctly so that the harm from them to the baby is minimal.

Information If you have a cold, expectant mothers are prohibited from using vasodilator drops to ease their breathing. You can't use it with antibiotics either. Treatment for any disease should only be prescribed by a doctor. Under no circumstances should pregnant girls self-medicate.

Also, expectant mothers should. Now it must be extremely correct. No fast food, soda or chips. From now on, only healthy food.

Contraindications

• A pregnant girl should not lie in a hot bath or go to a bathhouse or sauna.
• Pregnant girls should not do repairs in the apartment or anywhere else. They must shift this responsibility to someone else.
• The same can be said about general cleaning. It can only be carried out together with someone, and the woman carrying the baby should try to do only some simple work. It shouldn't require much effort from her.

If you need to clean up, but there is no one to help, then you need to take the following measures. First, choose a detergent with a mild odor. Secondly, when using it, be sure to put it on your hands latex gloves. And thirdly, never forget to periodically ventilate the room being cleaned.

• It is prohibited for expectant mothers to beat out carpets. This action requires them to make sudden and impetuous movements, and this is by no means useful for pregnant girls, one might even say, on the contrary, harmful.
• Do not climb onto high surfaces. For example, it is not recommended to climb onto a chair. A girl carrying a child may feel dizzy, which can cause her to lose her balance, lose her balance and fall. The consequences can be tragic. Therefore, she should entrust painting of floors, walls, ceilings, as well as washing windows to someone else.
• Lifting heavy objects is not allowed under any circumstances. The weight of a bag or any other item that a pregnant woman lifts should not exceed 2-3 kg.

Rearranging the furniture in the house should be done by the husband, friend, father-in-law, but not by the future mother. This is too much of a burden for her. This type of activity may cause her to bleed due to placental abruption, which could lead to later or premature labor.

• Pregnant women are not allowed to sit for a long time in a stationary state. This happens, for example, when a woman sews or knits. These activities are undoubtedly very exciting, however, because of them, her body is constantly under tension. The joints become stiff, the back (most often the lumbar region) begins to hurt greatly. Because of this, blood circulation deteriorates, the amount of oxygen entering the woman’s body, and then the baby’s, decreases. Because of this, fetal hypoxia may occur, and the woman will have to undergo treatment in a hospital. To prevent this from happening, expectant mothers should observe the following conditions during such activities:

1. while knitting or sewing, sit upright, while leaning on the back of a chair or armchair;
2. Do not cross your legs under any circumstances;
3. Every 40 minutes get up and do a warm-up for about 5-10 minutes or just walk around the room.

What not to do in the first trimester (weeks 1-13)	What pregnant women should not do in the second semester (14-26 weeks)	What pregnant women should not do in the third semester (27-40 weeks)
Drink "fun" drinks, smoke cigarettes or weed, use drugs.	Wear uncomfortable and tight clothes.	Lie on your back.
Dye your hair with low-quality dye. The same can be said for painting your nails with cheap polish.	There are flour, sweet and fried. If you really want them, then you need to consume them in very small quantities.	Fly on a plane.
Eat poorly processed foods, as well as dirty vegetables or fruits.	Carry heavy bags.	Feel nervous or panic.
Take medications.	Do strenuous exercise.	Drink plenty of fluids.
Stay in rooms with people with measles or rubella, if the pregnant woman has not had them before.	Consume foods high in calories.	Do physical exercise.
Take a hot bath.	Drink herbal teas and herbal decoctions.	Drinking, smoking, or being in the same room as smokers.
Have unprotected sex with different partners. In some cases it may be prohibited intimate relationship and with a permanent partner. This happens if there is a threat of miscarriage.	Lying in a hot bath, especially while using it essential oils. You are also not allowed to go to the bathhouse, solarium or sauna.	Take medications without a doctor's prescription.
Pregnant women are not allowed to be nervous.	Experience stressful conditions.	Walk in high heels.
Lift weights.	Make love if pregnancy occurs with complications.	Pregnant women are contraindicated from lifting weights.
Clean the litter box after cats.	You should also not have contact with sick people.	Wear uncomfortable clothes.
Do fluorography or x-rays.		Listen to loud music.
Eating poorly.

What should pregnant girls not eat?

“Eat whatever you want. Since the body requires some kind of product or drink, it means that it needs it, so you can eat everything without restrictions!” - This is an extremely incorrect statement. Pregnant women need to strictly monitor what they consume, otherwise they can greatly harm the baby’s health. So, let's look at what you can't eat during pregnancy, and also what you can, but in moderation.

Information Under no circumstances should you eat stale or expired foods, dirty vegetables or fruits, as well as meat and fish that have not undergone proper heat treatment.

What can you eat during pregnancy, but be careful?

1. Chocolate (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
2. Butter.
3. Coffee (1 cup per day) or tea (2 mugs per day).
4. Fatty fish (no more than 300 grams per 7 days).
5. Cod liver (you can eat a small piece once a week).
6. Salt (4-6 grams per day).
7. Seafood.
8. Fat meat.
9. Fast food (once a month).
10. Mayonnaise, mustard, ketchup and horseradish.

Women during pregnancy are prohibited from engaging in any active sports. Thus, they cannot play football, volleyball or basketball, or skate or roller skate. The only sport that is not prohibited for pregnant women is swimming. Although there are some limitations here too.

During pregnancy, you should not stretch your abdominal muscles, otherwise uterine tone may occur or a miscarriage or premature birth may occur. Therefore, pregnant women are prohibited from doing any exercises that strain their abdominal muscles. Let's take a closer look at which of them pregnant women should avoid:

• squats;
• lifting dumbbells;
• arm presses;
• any abdominal exercises;
• twisting;
• jumping;
• lunges;
• exercises performed while lying on your back;
• lifting weights.

Additionally It is not recommended to exercise during pregnancy in the first trimester! Only starting from the second you can start thinking about doing any exercises, but still, before you start doing them, you should consult a doctor. He will tell you exactly what a pregnant woman can do and what she cannot do. If the pregnancy is difficult, then he can prohibit any type of training and prescribe complete rest to the girl carrying the baby.

What should you not do after conception according to folk wisdom?

There are many signs that can somehow change fate. For example, it is believed that if a person accidentally breaks a mirror, then now he will encounter only misfortunes on his way. One more thing: if a girl looks like her dad and not her mom, then she will live a happy life.

The signs were invented a long time ago, no one knows what caused them, however, many still continue to believe them. So, let’s look at what, according to folk superstitions, women “in position” are not allowed to do:

• look at deformities, otherwise the child will be ugly;
• buy things for the baby before he is born, as they may want to take them away evil spirits. To achieve their goal, they can try in every possible way to get rid of the baby who is still in the womb;
• stand or sit on the threshold. According to our ancestors, the threshold represents the boundary between the external world and the internal world. Sitting or standing on it, you can receive a curse from otherworldly spirits;
• If you are pregnant, you should not play with cats. In ancient times, it was believed that because of such games, the baby would later have enemies who would deceive him in every possible way using cunning. Our ancestors also believed that playing with cats could cause a baby to grow subcutaneous hair, which would subsequently interfere with his sleep;
• tell others about your pregnancy in the early stages;
• look at the carrion and also spit on it, otherwise the baby will have an unpleasant odor coming from his mouth;
• in a sitting position, cross your legs. This can cause bow-legs or clubfoot in the baby;
• step over brooms and logs. It is believed that because of this, the brownie may be offended by the pregnant girl and send misfortune to her;
• According to popular belief, a pregnant girl should not eat red berries. Ancient people believed that because of them a child could develop scrofula;
• cut hair;
• beat animals, otherwise the child will be born nervous;
• blow on the fire, otherwise during childbirth it will be difficult for the baby to breathe;
• comb your hair on Fridays. According to the ancients, this would make childbirth difficult;
• attend a funeral, go to a cemetery. This sign is explained by the fact that as long as the baby is in the mother’s belly, he does not have a guardian angel, and therefore evil spirits may try to take his soul for themselves;
• eat fish. As our ancestors claimed, because of it a baby can be born dumb;
• knit, as this may cause the baby to become entangled in the umbilical cord. Any knot tied by a pregnant woman can block the baby’s path to the world of the living.

What is contraindicated for pregnant women on Easter?

• Firstly, pregnant women should not go to the cemetery. There is a memorial week for this.
• Secondly, do any homework. Thus, it is prohibited to sew, wash, cook, clean, wash, vacuum, or plant anything. Swimming is also not allowed on this holiday.
• Thirdly, indulge in lovemaking with your husband or any other man.

What should pregnant women not do on Good Friday?

On Good Friday it is not allowed to sing, dance, have fun and shout, swear, drink alcohol, or make love with a partner. On this day, instead of all of the above, you need to think about your life, as well as what Jesus Christ did for people.

Just like on Easter, pregnant women should not do housework under any circumstances, and swimming is prohibited. On this day, girls carrying a baby should spend time with their family reading the Bible and praying.

Ordinary people are forbidden to eat and drink until the service of Vespers. Only after the shroud is taken out are they allowed to eat some bread and drink water. This is due to the fact that Good Friday is considered the strictest day during the entire Lent. Pregnant women do not need to “mock” their bodies in this way. Some people believe that not only should they fast, but they shouldn’t even go to church. However, these are all the prejudices of older people. If the expectant mother wants, then she can go to the service.

Proper nutrition pregnant woman - the key to successful delivery, maintaining the health of the pregnant woman herself and birth healthy baby. But the observing doctor will tell you what to eat during pregnancy. You should not always listen to the advice of your loved ones who recommend a diet regarding your own needs.

Nutrition for pregnant women

It is very difficult to regulate a pregnant woman’s diet in the first months of pregnancy. In the first trimester, a woman may experience severe toxicosis, which is why she has the right to refuse any food at all. During this period, even some completely non-aggressive odors, not to mention dishes, irritate.

Over time, when toxicosis subsides and appetite returns, another problem arises - rapid weight gain. excess weight, which is very difficult to fight. Extra pounds provoke a number of serious problems that accompany a woman even after childbirth. This:

• phlebeurysm;
• tendency to constipation;
• haemorrhoids;
• heart failure;
• renal failure;
• disorders of the pancreas;
• tendency to high blood pressure.

The diet, which is approved by the observing doctor, can lead a woman to complete despondency. Food for a pregnant woman is never too tasty so as not to “whet up” the appetite and at the same time saturate the body with useful substances.

From the first trimester, portion sizes are determined by the doctor. Now the pregnant woman's nutrition will vary according to the weeks of the child's development. There are a number necessary products, which it is advisable for pregnant women to consume on a regular basis. The leading role is played by cottage cheese and iron-containing products.

Healthy food for pregnant women

Before discussing all kinds of dishes for a pregnant woman, you should take into account the general rules for preparing a diet. Products plant origin should make up ⅔ of the food eaten per day. This menu is most important in the last stages of pregnancy, at least two to three weeks before giving birth. Vegetables contain a large number of prostaglandin, which ensures the elasticity of the tissues of the birth canal.

Vegetable dishes have a beneficial effect on organ function gastrointestinal tract, eliminating constipation and inhibiting the growth of fatty deposits. Eating vegetable soups and sauté, a pregnant woman will not feel a high load on the stomach and pancreas, especially if the dishes are steamed without using a frying pan.

However, no vegetables can replace meat products for either the mother’s body or the unborn baby. It is simply a crime to refuse meat during pregnancy. A growing embryo simply needs protein of animal origin. Every day a pregnant woman's diet should include up to 100 grams of animal proteins. If on some days a woman wants to do without meat, it should be replaced with fish.

Fruits can be highlighted as a separate item. Of course, expectant mothers who have had allergic problems even before conception should be extremely careful when choosing fruits in supermarkets. Most exotic fruits are pre-processed liquefied gas or acceptable herbicides to give them a marketable appearance for a longer period.

Exotic fruits entering the local market travel a long way from southern countries. Sometimes delivery takes from several days to several weeks. Typically, fruits and vegetables from abroad are transported by sea, as this is the cheapest mode of delivery. It is not recommended to buy fruits and vegetables sold in vacuum packages for pregnant women.

You should also remember that freshly prepared food is much tastier and healthier than heated and prepared food in advance. Therefore, it is better to prepare food for pregnant women in small portions per meal. Food left in the refrigerator overnight should not be covered. plastic bags and keep for a long time under nylon covers. Pathogenic microflora, invisible to the human eye, but carrying high degree health hazards.

Dry food and “on the go” meals should be excluded. You should not overeat, nor should you go hungry for a long time. The feeling of thirst must be quenched as it arises. What is important is what a pregnant woman will drink and in what quantities. Increased fluid intake will lead to edema, which will cause shortness of breath, blockage of the veins of the lower extremities, and interfere with normal blood circulation. Drinking must be room temperature. Carbonated, tonic and alcoholic drinks. Food should be consumed slowly, in a calm environment, chewing thoroughly. Air entering in a hurry can cause prolonged belching, colic and general discomfort.

What products are needed

Healthy cooking for a pregnant woman consists of dishes prepared as follows:

• Cooking food in a double boiler or baking in the oven. This is the most useful way heat treatment products. You can bake any food, from vegetables to meat and fish. To do this, use foil, polypropylene packaging or parchment paper. This way you can prepare dietary meat, preserving everything in it. useful material.
• Food cooked extinguishing method. This option involves stewing food for a long time in a sealed container with a small addition of water or vegetable oil. Meat, vegetables and mixed dishes are very tasty and nutritious.
• Food cooked frying method. In order to preserve as much nutrients as possible in foods that have been fried in a frying pan, it is necessary to fry vegetables or meat in small pieces on a hot surface without adding fat. A wok pan is ideal for such dishes; it has thin walls that heat evenly from the bottom to the top surfaces. The flame of the burner should cover the entire surface of the pan, so the burner should be wide.
• Food prepared in nature on an open fire. This very first method of cooking in human society is gaining popularity even now. For the expectant mother, it is advisable to select lean pieces of meat or fish. You can fry pumpkin, tomatoes, zucchini, eggplant, and potatoes in small pieces. Before eating, remove the crust formed during frying.

Pregnant women can do everything from plant foods, individually excluding what can cause allergic reactions. You need to be careful when eating citrus fruits, tomatoes, strawberries, and some exotic fruits. It is better to dress salads unrefined vegetable oil, trying not to overuse salt and hot spices. Salt and spices cause heightened feeling thirst, causing swelling and accumulation of excess weight.

The benefits of beef tongue for pregnant women

Beef tongue is considered a dietary product due to its low cell content. connective tissue. Beef tongue dishes are easily digestible, without provoking putrefactive processes in the digestive system, which is typical for other types of meat products.

• takes part in the synthesis of hormones and amino acids;
• improves the functioning of the nervous system;
• eliminates anemia;
• stabilizes fat and carbohydrate metabolism;
• reduces blood cholesterol levels;
• improves skin functions.

Dishes prepared from beef tongue have a high content of protein and microelements that help improve the functioning of the pancreas. Nutritionists believe that this product can replenish about half the daily requirement of microelements, vital necessary for the body adult.

Doctors observing pregnant women strongly recommend including beef tongue dishes in the diet, which will eliminate the development of anemia, stomach ulcers and saturate the body of the mother and the unborn baby with useful substances.

Jelly during pregnancy

The gelatin contained in the jelly is not able to affect blood clotting. Therefore, pregnant women can eat dishes that contain gelatin, in full. For cooking edible gelatin use extract of Pacific seaweed agar-agar or cartilage and tendons of animal origin. Animal cartilage tissue is saturated with natural collagen, which will reliably ensure the health of the cartilage of the pregnant woman and the developing embryo.

Gelatin is rich in glycine. This is an essential amino acid for the body. It is thanks to her that a person feels a surge of energy and mental activity. Gelatin contains the following substances that affect the functioning of the digestive organs and cardiac system:

• alanine;
• dicarboxylic acids;
• peptides;
• active proteins.

Some fruits are not recommended to be taken raw during pregnancy, as they can cause belching, bowel problems and heartburn. By preparing a delicious jelly with the addition of fruit juices or fruit drinks, you can perfectly replenish the supply of microelements and vitamins in a pregnant woman’s body, combining business with pleasure.

When doctors recommend dishes with the addition of gelatin to pregnant women, they must take into account the intestinal function of their patients, since it has a slight astringent effect.

Brewer's yeast for pregnant women

Brewer's yeast has beneficial effect on the body. The product is produced by pharmacological companies in the form of tablets, capsules and suspensions. This is a real storehouse of microelements and vitamins, which is an excellent dietary supplement.

Yeasts are single-celled fungal organisms that survive certain conditions in a “live” state. They are obtained through the process of cultivating the following composition: malt, hop cones and beer wort. After combining the components, the fermentation phase begins, followed by fermentation.

Women during gestation often experience health problems caused by a lack of nutrients in organism:

• increased fatigue;
• fragility of nail plates;
• hair loss on the head;
• decreased immune function;
• the appearance of skin rashes.

Brewer's yeast is prescribed to pregnant women to maintain the body in such difficult period. The supplement does not contain substances dangerous to the embryo and the mother’s body, so experts safely prescribe it to women from the early stages of conception.

Brewer's yeast has the following content:

• Vitamins B, P and D. Helps restore the functions of the nervous system, skin, nail plates, and hair follicles.
• Phosphorus. Renews bone tissue and stabilizes the functioning of the urinary system.
• Copper. Takes an active part in the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates, and also stimulates the production of insulin.
• Potassium. Regulates acid-base balance in the body and improves the transmission of nerve impulses.
• Calcium. Forms structural material at the cellular level, creating healthy dental buds in the embryo and bone.
• Zinc. Provides regeneration of cerebral cortex cells.
• Magnesium. Stimulates metabolic processes in the body, reduces tremors, stabilizing the functions of the nervous system.
• Silicon. Promotes normal absorption of calcium by the body.
• Sodium. Maintains electrolytic balance in the body of the woman and the embryo.
• Sulfur. Improves the structure of the skin, hair and nail plates.
• Selenium. Neutralizes dangerous decay products, increases the body's protective functions.

However, despite all the beneficial properties of brewer's yeast, gynecologists approach their use with caution. Active enzymes can provoke dysbiosis of the mucous membranes of the genital tract and disruption of the urinary system. Therefore, the doctor carefully examines the pregnant woman’s medical history and individual characteristics.

Essential microelements

The body obtains most of the necessary microelements from food. These are iodine, calcium, iron, potassium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, zinc. In cases where the lack of useful substances involved in metabolic processes, protein synthesis, improvement of blood circulation and digestion makes itself felt, the necessary microelements should be taken additionally. Seafood, vegetables and fruits are especially rich in microelements.

During pregnancy, the female body often lacks iron. Iron deficiency can lead to irreversible processes in the development of the embryo. A woman should monitor herself for the first symptoms of iron deficiency and compensate for it. So, the most common symptoms of iron deficiency are as follows:

• anemia;
• increased fatigue;
• drowsiness;
• dizziness;
• muscle weakness;
• frequent sudden heartbeats;
• tendency to irritability;
• depression;
• dry skin;
• fragility of nail plates;
• restless legs syndrome;
• dyspnea;
• decreased appetite;
• inflammation or pain on the tongue and lips.

In most cases, you can compensate for iron deficiency by adjusting your diet. Table 1 lists foods high in iron.

Table No. 1. Iron-containing products and the level of microelement content in them

Dried mushrooms		Rabbit meat
Pork liver
Wheat bran		Turkey meat
Brewer's yeast
Cocoa powder
Beef liver
Egg yolk		Broccoli
		Potato
Fresh mushrooms		Chicken meat
Sea kale		Egg white

How to take vitamins correctly

A pregnant woman should receive the entire complex of vitamins necessary for the body. Berries you can buy are cranberries, raspberries, currants, and blueberries. All fruits contain vitamin C, which is perfectly preserved for a long time in fruit drinks and berries mashed with sugar.

Fruits can also be consumed raw if the pregnant woman does not suffer from increased secretion gastric juice and allergic reactions to some of them. When a woman feels that raw fruits cause increased irritation of the gastric mucosa, then jelly and fruit compotes would be an ideal option. Apples can be baked in the oven or steamer, and the juicy fruit can be used as a filling for curd dishes.

In addition to fruits, vitamins are found in meat and dairy products, vegetables, and offal. The most complete list of essential vitamins and products containing them is given in Table No. 2.

Table No. 2. Essential fat-soluble vitamins during pregnancy

Vitamin name	Purpose
A (retinol + beta-carotene)	Visual receptors, skin, mucous membranes	Liver, egg, butter, dairy
D (calciferol)	Calcium absorption, bone and teeth growth	Egg, butter, hard cheese, milk, fatty fish
E (tocopherol)	Natural antioxidant	Vegetable oil, olives, wheat germ
	Blood clotting	Liver, onion, spinach, cucumber, green pea, parsley dill
B1 (thiamine)	Metabolic processes, nerve and muscle activity	Liver, heart, tongue, beans, peas, brewer's yeast, whole grain porridge
B2 (riboflavin)	Metabolic processes, heart function	Liver, heart, red meat, cereals, dairy products, brewer's yeast
B5 (pantothenic acid)	Metabolic processes	Beef, liver, egg, brewer's yeast, cereal porridge
B6 (pyridoxine)	Metabolic processes, hemoglobin production	Beef, chicken, pork, brewer's yeast, liver, cereal porridge
B8 (biotin)	Metabolic processes, hair growth, nail plates	Liver, egg, dried fruits, beans, beans, peas, fish
B9 (folic acid)	Cell division and growth, bone development	Cucumber, spinach, parsley, zucchini, sunflower seeds, lettuce, hard cheese, whole grain porridge
B12 (cobalamin)	Red blood cell production, metabolic processes	Beef, chicken, pork, fish, liver, heart, dairy products
C (ascorbic acid)	Natural antioxidant, wound healing, resistance to viral infections	Most fruits and vegetables
PP, B3 (niacin)	Metabolic processes	Beef, chicken, pork, River fish, ocean lean fish, brewer's yeast, beans, peppers, peas

Do's and Don'ts

Each organism is individual. It is quite possible that the diet of one pregnant woman is absolutely not suitable for another. The characteristics of each organism will show what it is advisable to refuse during the period of bearing a child, and what to focus on. However, nutritionists have developed special tables for pregnant women, whose advice should be followed. Table No. 3 shows the most frequently used Everyday life products and dishes made from them, as well as the benefits and possible harm for pregnant.

Table No. 3. Recommended and unwanted products for pregnant

Products
Bread and bakery products	Bran bread, wholemeal bread, crackers, savory baked goods	Baked goods made from premium flours, puff pastries and butter pastries
	Vegetable soups with low-fat broth, lean borscht, beetroot soup	Fat broths
	Low-fat steam or boiled beef, rabbit meat, skinless chicken	Fatty meats, homemade fatty sausages, dumplings, smoked lard, canned meat
	Low-fat fish varieties (pollock, hake, pelengas, perch, carp, navaga, grenadier)	Fatty fish, smoked, salty fish, canned fish, crab sticks
Cereals, grains, legumes	Buckwheat, rice, wheat, pearl barley, corn, oatmeal	Semolina porridge, dishes high in beans, peas, beans
	1-2 eggs per day (boiled or in an omelet)	Fried or raw
	Fermented milk products, low-fat cottage cheese, cheesecakes, casserole, yogurt, low-fat sour cream, feta cheese	Smoked cheeses, raw milk
Fruits vegetables	Boiled vegetables, fruits in compote or jelly; cranberries, blueberries, nuts, pumpkin seeds	Red fruits and vegetables, some citrus fruits if you are allergic to them
Fats and sweets	Olive, sunflower, corn and butter, jelly, jam, chocolate candies in moderation	Butter pastries with rich cream, too large portions chocolate
Snacks, spices	Vegetable salads, vinaigrette, vegetable caviar, fruit salads	Hot sauces, horseradish, mustard, hot pepper, vinegar, salt
	Small volumes of natural juices, fruit jelly, dried fruit compotes, berry fruit drinks, weak teas, rose hip infusion, chamomile tea	Alcoholic drinks, strong coffee and tea, tonic drinks with high sugar and gas content

Nutrition of a pregnant woman by month

In each trimester, it is necessary to focus on foods high in folic acid, this contributes to the normal development of the fetus. It is not advisable to limit yourself in water consumption. However, you should not drink too much liquid during the day, and especially at night. The water must be purified, without dyes and artificial flavors, and non-carbonated. It is not recommended to drink water while eating or immediately after; it is better to do this before eating and a couple of hours after eating.

In the first trimester you can plan your food intake daily diet as shown in Table No. 4. Depending on whether allergic reactions to various fruits and vegetables occur, each woman should regulate their consumption independently or on the advice of a supervising doctor.

Table No. 4. Recommended daily diet for a pregnant woman in the first trimester

Day of the week		Lunch
Monday	Buckwheat or rice porridge (you can add milk), fresh juice (carrot, apple, orange)	Puff pastry with pumpkin or spinach	Whole grain bun, pea soup with broccoli, rose hip tea	Apple or carrot	Stewed chicken with rice or pasta, Mint tea
	Bran bread with cucumber or tomato and hard cheese	Yogurt or curdled milk	Spaghetti with tuna, zucchini and olive oil	Curd cheesecake	Oven-baked potatoes and beans
	Oatmeal with added milk, kefir	Grapefruit or orange	Lean beef casserole with beans	Dried apricots with prunes	Vegetable salad of boiled rice, eggs and sardines, tomato or cranberry juice
	Cheesecakes with the addition of low-fat sour cream, carrot juice with pulp	White cabbage salad or red cabbage in olive or corn oil	Laminaria salad with the addition of unrefined sunflower oil, fish pie, dried fruit compote	Banana or kiwi	Wholemeal bread, boiled egg, lettuce, baked milk or kefir
	Oatmeal with water or milk with the addition of dried apricots or prunes, fermented baked milk or yogurt	Some walnuts, steamed dried fruits	Boiled pasta from durum varieties flour with low-fat meat sauce, carrot or cranberry juice	Toast with butter	Lavash with soft or processed cheese with added herbs, chamomile or rosehip tea
	Omelette with a small amount of vegetables and ham, croutons, fresh orange or tomato juice	Bran bread with low-fat lightly salted salmon	Boiled chicken, avocado salad, yogurt or kefir	Several walnuts or peanuts	Vinaigrette with bran bread, lightly salted herring, fermented baked milk
Sunday	Pancakes or pancakes with fruit or jam, yogurt	Apple or pear	Bran bread, vegetable soup with a piece of lean meat, compote or green tea	Carrot salad with low-fat sour cream	Boiled or stewed chicken in the sleeve, boiled potatoes, carrots or boiled beets, mint tea

Table No. 5. Recommended average daily food intake for pregnant women in the second trimester

	Daily value(g)
Wheat bread
Rye bread
Wheat flour
Pasta or spaghetti
Potato
Vegetable dishes
Fresh fruits
Dried fruits
Sweet flour products
Fish, seafood
Low-fat cottage cheese
Sour cream, fat content no more than 10%
Dairy products
Butter
Vegetable oil
Hard cheeses
Black tea
Iodized salt
Natural coffe

Table No. 6. Recommended average daily food intake for pregnant women in the third trimester

	Daily value(g)
Fish (boiled or stewed)
Meat (boiled or baked in a sleeve without crust)
Low-fat cottage cheese
Dairy products
Low-fat sour cream
Butter
Vegetable oil (corn, sunflower, olive)
Wholemeal bread
White bread made from premium flour
Buckwheat
Potato
Colored, White cabbage or broccoli
Bulb onions
Cucumber tomato
Prunes, figs, dried apricots, raisins

Table No. 7. Chemical composition required dietary intake per day in the second and third trimesters

Nutrients	Daily value(g)
Plant based proteins
Animal proteins
Animal fats
Vegetable fats
Carbohydrates
Total daily energy value	2556 kilocalories

Table No. 8. Recommended number of meals per day, indicating approximate volumes

I trimester	II trimester	III trimester
Meals 4 times	Meals 5 times	Meals 6 times
Breakfast volume is 30% of the daily diet		Breakfast volume is 20% of the daily diet
The volume of second breakfast is 15% of the daily ration		The volume of the second breakfast is 10% of the daily ration
	Lunch volume 40% of daily ration	Lunch volume 30% of daily ration
		The volume of the second lunch is 10% of the daily ration
	Dinner volume 10% of daily ration	The volume of the afternoon snack is 15% of the daily ration
	A couple of hours before bed, you can drink a glass of fermented milk products, close to 5% of your daily diet.	Dinner volume 10% of daily ration
		A couple of hours before bed, you can drink a glass of fermented milk products, close to 5% of your daily diet.

Conclusion

It is important for every pregnant woman to know which foods should be limited in consumption and which ones should be completely abandoned during pregnancy. Everything a woman does during this period instantly affects the health of the unborn baby. The woman herself and the fetus are most vulnerable during the first trimester. High salt content can increase toxicosis and cause increased swelling, which is why you should exclude spicy foods seasoned from your diet. big amount spices, and canned vegetables, replacing them with fresh ones.

Fried food is undesirable not only during pregnancy, but also in everyday life. As soon as a pregnant woman reduces her consumption of fried foods, a decrease in strong feeling thirst and improved digestion. Fried foods provoke constipation and liver dysfunction. Today there are many ways to steam food. However, you should avoid eating microwaved food during pregnancy. Although the products do not become crusty, as when fried, they can cause great harm the body of mother and child.

Not everyone can completely eliminate sweets from their diet. However, it should be understood that “fast carbohydrates” do not bring any particular benefit to anyone, giving the body only extra pounds.

Carbonated sweet drinks contain a high content of various dyes, preservatives, flavors, and flavor substitutes. There is no need to talk about alcohol at all. It can only increase toxicosis, irritating the mucous membranes of all organs of the digestive tract, and also cause irreparable harm to the embryo.

Bibliography

1. Sobolev A.N. “Nutrition for a nursing woman”, 2009
2. Yurkov A.S. “Daily intake of vitamins by pregnant women,” 2010.
3. Ivanskikh A.V. “Features of nutrition of pregnant women, women in labor and nursing mothers”, 2009

Pregnancy is a period in life when you need to give up many of your habits. But is it worth it to be so critical of the new situation and deprive yourself of all the joys of life? The answer is "No." But the Taboo list still exists.

Basic prohibitions for pregnant women

There are many myths and facts about this period of a woman’s life: some believe that she cannot cut her hair, paint her nails, move actively, etc. We need to look into this more carefully. Due to change hormonal levels, it is better to refrain from curling and dyeing your hair, as a result of which their condition may worsen. If you belong to the category of women who dye their hair constantly, opt for gentle options. The expectant mother is also prohibited from wearing synthetic underwear. During pregnancy you cannot:

Don't change the climate

In the early stages of pregnancy, if there are no contraindications, you can travel. But here are the flights, due to which climate change occurs and changes occur atmospheric pressure, in later periods - prohibited. In addition, some women themselves have a hard time withstanding even simple weather changes, not to mention if they are pregnant. Therefore, it is better not to take risks, but to take care of yourself and your tummy without changing normal rhythm life. We are not saying that it is better for pregnant women not to leave the house at all. But in winter, it is not recommended to exchange frost for sun, even for those ladies whose pregnancy is proceeding calmly.

Less talking on the phone

In the modern world, human communications are based mainly on communication through intermediaries such as the Internet and mobile phone. So stop using mobile phone, even knowing its harm, is quite difficult. Only now it has been proven that the use cellular communication– this is something that pregnant women should not do. Therefore, if you absolutely cannot live without a mobile phone, limit its use and completely turn it off at night.

Don't take hot baths

Anything that raises body temperature above 38.9C, regardless of whether it is a long bath in the bath, or a too long stay in the sauna, or exhausting work in the heat, or viral infection– this is potentially dangerous for the development of the fetus, especially in the first months of pregnancy. There is one more important point: During pregnancy, a woman’s vaginal microflora is very vulnerable. So, from this point of view, a hot bath for pregnant women is not very good.

Better yet, make it a habit to shower. And even better - contrast, because this is hardening, which has a beneficial effect on the entire body as a whole, since the redistribution of blood that occurs as a result of such a procedure is beneficial for the functioning of organs such as the brain, liver, heart, as well as for the entire reproductive system.

Don't sit cross-legged

The cross-leg position is one of the most beloved by all women. However, one of the main tasks of pregnant women is to strive to reduce the load on the legs and give the legs the opportunity to fully rest. But if you sit down to rest and cross your legs, then you are not giving your legs rest. Moreover, you worsen the condition of your legs, as there is additional compression of the veins and swollen tissues. As a result, the legs do not rest, swelling increases, and the possibility of developing cellulite worsens!

If swelling doesn’t bother you in the first half of pregnancy, that’s very good! But in the second half, in addition to the growing belly and weight, the baby’s head also grows, which gradually descends towards the entrance to the pelvis. And you, constantly crossing your legs, are preventing the correct flow of this process. Some women even experience quite strong relaxation of the ligaments, especially the pubic ones, and pathological mobility of the pubic joint occurs.

When the head drops, in a cross-legged position, the pressure on the baby’s head increases, and this can have a very adverse effect on your child’s health.

Don't drink too much, don't eat too little

At the insistence of doctors, pregnant women are not advised to drink more than 2 liters of water per day. It’s better if this figure does not exceed 1.5 liters. Moreover, soups, fruits and juices are also taken into account.

As for nutrition, dieting during pregnancy is out of the question. Nutrition just has to be right! Pay attention to this issue Special attention, since it is one of important conditions favorable course and outcome of pregnancy, childbirth, normal development of the fetus and newborn.

Do not smoke or inhale smoke

It is not news that smoking is dangerous both for the smoker and for the witness. And if you are also pregnant, then passive smoking during this period may cause a delay intrauterine development, the development of cancerous tumors in the fetus, and the possibility of premature birth cannot be ruled out.

People who smoke are doubly at risk. Babies born to women who smoke are more likely to have problems with the central nervous system and weigh little. Therefore, quitting smoking is not just necessary, but necessary!

Of course, it's not easy to lose your favorite habits. But for the sake of the baby, you can try!

Nutrition. Pregnant women should not eat:

It is not advisable to drink coffee and strong tea during pregnancy, because it contains caffeine, which has a stimulating effect on nervous system baby. If you simply cannot imagine your life without coffee, then you need to reduce the amount to two cups a day. You should also avoid other caffeine-containing products and replace them with safer ones.

Physical activity, housework, health

Pregnant women should not have sex? Possible if there are no contraindications. Remember that sex during pregnancy should be as gentle as possible, avoid sudden movements.

Should pregnant women not lift weights? Highly undesirable. Everything is individual, but theoretically, lifting a lot of weight can trigger premature labor. In addition, it is detrimental to the back of the expectant mother.

What exercises should you not do during pregnancy? Any exercise that involves sudden movements, pressure on the abdomen, unnatural stress on the back, etc. If you want to lead a physically active lifestyle during pregnancy, then you should pay attention to various programs fitness for pregnant women, but try to choose a reliable instructor.

Shouldn't pregnant women wash their clothes by hand? Strictly prohibited. Washing by hand can not only tire you out and create unnecessary stress on your back, but it can also adversely affect your health and the health of your baby due to prolonged contact with water containing detergents.

During pregnancy, especially in the first months, it is worth avoid overwork. Try to work so as not to feel tired. I love it hard work Trust your husband to do the housework; he probably won’t ask why pregnant women shouldn’t lift weights, but on the contrary, he will carefully take on part of the work. Moreover, heavy items should also include shopping bags and even small children.

Don't overexert your legs. If you start to feel discomfort in your legs, be sure to take a break and rest. The best thing to do if you feel overtired is to lie down or use a chair so you can stretch your legs and let them relax.

Pregnant women should not get vaccinated, get sick or take medications? Of course, it is better to avoid illnesses, since taking medications during pregnancy is undesirable. In any case, this issue should be resolved by your attending physician and no one else.

As for vaccinations, vaccinations against measles, mumps, rubella and tuberculosis can be especially dangerous. If you are going to travel to another country, you should clarify in advance whether you need to get any vaccinations and consult a specialist about them.

Trips

If you need to go somewhere, you can use, perhaps, any type of transport, except airplanes. When flying, frequent pressure changes occur, which will negatively affect your health. For the same reason, it is better to forget about rides and extreme sports for a while. Otherwise, when traveling, try not to overwork and take care of your back.

Appearance and personal care

Can pregnant women dye their hair? More precisely, it is harmful, because when using hair dye, you inhale the vapors it produces. This can have a bad effect on your well-being, and it is advisable to protect your unborn baby from chemical odors.

Should pregnant women not sunbathe? It is possible, but in moderation. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays on the skin can lead to cancer, so regardless of whether you are pregnant or not, sunbathing should be dosed.

Should pregnant women not take a bath? More precisely, a hot bath, it can provoke various complications, including termination of pregnancy. Warm baths not only can, but also should be taken, as they help to relax tense muscles.

Can pregnant women wear heels? Highly undesirable. Shoes on high heels creates additional stress on the spine, which is already overstrained during pregnancy.

Folk signs about what pregnant women should not do

There are many superstitions that prohibit various actions:

• Pregnant women should not knit or sew;
• to cut hair;
• buy things for the baby before birth.

Most of these signs are far-fetched and are purely associative in nature. You shouldn't pay attention to them. But some superstitions are not without common sense. For example, the statement " Pregnant women should not pet cats“- a cat may well be the cause of infection with toxoplasmosis. However, if you do not forget about basic hygiene rules and wash your hands with soap often, then cats do not pose any threat.

What Pregnant women should not go to funerals also quite logical. Expectant mothers are very impressionable, and any worries have a negative impact on pregnancy.

And the most important prohibition is Pregnant women should not be nervous and think about bad things. A good mood and a smile on your face will do much more than all the recommendations and advice.

There is no need to find out his gender before the baby is born.

The Church opposes such predictions. Experts once said that the procedure could cause harm to the baby’s body. But today all expectant mothers must undergo an ultrasound. Naturally, if the baby is hiding in such a way that its gender cannot be determined, then this procedure should not be carried out often.

A pregnant woman should not hold her hands above her head for long

A woman who is expecting a baby is not recommended to hang curtains or hang out laundry, because the baby may become entangled in its own umbilical cord. A baby may become entangled in its umbilical cord if it is very long or the baby is very active. How long the baby’s umbilical cord will be is determined at the genetic level, so a woman cannot influence its length in any way.

For a long time, gynecologists confirmed the fact that if during pregnancy a woman often raises her arms high, then at the time of birth the child will wrap the umbilical cord around itself. But today experts have proven that this is not at all interconnected. But, it is worth knowing that after the twentieth week of pregnancy, you really don’t need to raise your hands often so that the amniotic fluid does not spill out and premature labor does not begin. This doesn’t happen often, but it’s better not to risk it.

You should not swear in the presence of a pregnant woman, because the child may have a birthmark

Congenital dark spots due to the fact that melanocytes – pigment cells – do not develop properly. They are found both on the skin and inside. Obvious reasons Why such age spots occur is not clear, but it has been definitely proven that they do not develop as a result of scandals during pregnancy.

But we should not forget that everything negative emotions, which a woman receives during a quarrel with someone, harms both her and the baby. Therefore, you should avoid any situations that may bring negative emotions.

A woman who is expecting a child is prohibited from sewing, otherwise she can “sew up” the baby’s way into our world

This is an invented superstition, completely unjustified. It was invented out of nothing to do. This judgment has no intelligent justification, because handicrafts can only have a positive impact on expectant mother. But at the same time, it is important to remember that you need to do needlework only in a position that will be comfortable for the mother, so that in this position all nutrients and blood can normally flow to the fetus.

If the mother has been sewing for a long time and notices that the baby suddenly begins to move very actively or suddenly calms down, then in this case she needs to change position - lie down or go for a short walk.

Items for the baby cannot be purchased before the birth.

This superstition has existed since ancient times. Previously, it was believed that clothes prepared and purchased in advance could not belong to the unborn child, since they had already been occupied by otherworldly forces. There is also another explanation - in ancient times in Rus', all families had many children, there was no need to purchase new things, since all things were passed from older children to younger children. But for the first child it was customary to prepare clothes in advance.

Mom needed to sew tiny clothes, and father was making a cradle. In those days, there were no special stores for small children, and there was no opportunity to purchase things a couple of days before the birth of the child.

When a woman finds out that she is going to become a mother in the near future, she asks a lot of questions. One of the main ones is the following: what should not be done in the early stages of pregnancy?

If a woman has already encountered such an interesting situation, then she probably knows the answer to this question. Also, a representative of the fair sex should know what needs to be done during pregnancy. Let's try to understand these two points and find out how to behave while carrying a child.

Early pregnancy

To begin with, it’s worth saying what time period is called early. Immediately after fertilization female cage The sperm begins the continuous division of the zygote. At the same time, the cells move towards the reproductive organ.

Physical activity

What kind of exercise should you do during pregnancy in order to maintain your health and protect your baby?

Recently, the following areas have become very common: yoga and fitness for pregnant women. A woman can choose what suits her. Doctors also recommend swimming throughout the entire period. This will help keep the body in good shape and prepare for childbirth. The exception is those cases when there is

Taking medications

In the early stages of pregnancy, it is very important to eat well and take essential vitamins. In most cases, doctors prescribe a woman to take folic acid. It is she who is involved in the formation of organs and tissues, and also helps to close the neural tube in a timely and correct manner.

In addition, the expectant mother needs iodine for proper functioning. thyroid gland. Your doctor may also recommend taking magnesium, iron, and potassium. Many experts prefer to immediately prescribe a complex of vitamins to a pregnant woman rather than single preparations containing beneficial microelements.

Hygiene

The expectant mother must carefully observe the need to wash her hands more often. This will help avoid intestinal infections and viruses.

It is also necessary to ensure the cleanliness of the genitals. After all, the appearance of bacteria in them can threaten infection of the fetus. Use panty liners if necessary. They will help you feel comfortable.

Proper nutrition

While expecting a baby, you need to eat right. This condition does not only apply to early pregnancy. It is necessary to consume a large amount of vitamins (fruits and vegetables), useful minerals and trace elements throughout the entire period of bearing a baby.

Drink fresh juices and get plenty of rest. If possible, try to spend a lot of time on fresh air. The baby now needs a lot of oxygen for the proper development and formation of all organs.

Conclusion

Now you know how to behave while expecting a baby. Always remember that other examinations that can harm the tiny body are also needed; it is better to postpone them for a while. Be attentive to yourself and always follow your doctor's recommendations.