Entering a drinking diet for 7 days. How to “enter” and “exit” a diet correctly. Basic principles of the Japanese diet

The appearance of a tumor and weight loss

In cancer cases, sudden weight loss occurs in the vast majority of cases. Weight loss is due to the fact that tumor cells divide very quickly, and this requires energy. Therefore, a significant part of the resources is spent on ensuring the vital activity of the neoplasm, and therefore noticeable weight loss occurs in a short time.

At the same time, the sick person loses his “taste” for life, becomes lethargic and uninteresting. A characteristic symptom is also loss of appetite, which only contributes to weight loss. In addition, there is often a slight increase in temperature, often up to subfebrile levels (37.0 - 38.0 degrees), because the tumor releases toxic substances. Finally, some note the appearance of pain in those organs that have been affected by the oncological process.

It is important to know that if you take urgent measures and start treatment during this period, you can get rid of the tumor and prevent metastasis. The survival rate in this case is quite high. However, if the initial symptoms cancer ignored, time may be lost and life expectancy will be shortened. Ultimately, severe exhaustion develops - cachexia, which becomes common cause death due to tumor processes.

Disturbances in the hormonal system

Some endocrine diseases lead to weight loss, and the most famous of them is thyrotoxicosis. Excess thyroid hormones lead to excessive acceleration of metabolic processes, so even fat reserves are used. In addition to sudden weight loss, thyrotoxicosis has a number of characteristic symptoms:

• feeling of heat, increased sweating, sometimes increased body temperature,
• trembling of fingers, tip of tongue,
• change in the face (it takes on an angry expression) due to “bulging eyes” - exophthalmos,
• menstrual dysfunction in women,
• mood swings, tearfulness, some hysteria.

If such symptoms appear, it is best to consult an endocrinologist. Timely initiation of therapy helps eliminate developing changes, but a late visit to the doctor may cause irreversible consequences.

A little less often you have to deal with type 1 diabetes mellitus. It develops most often in children and young people. It is this type of diabetes that is characterized by sudden weight loss, and against the background of increased appetite, which usually does not happen with the second type. In addition, type 1 diabetes manifests itself in the initial stages

• extreme thirst and frequent urination,
• weakness, apathy and drowsiness,
• dry and itchy skin, pustular lesions skin, which are difficult to deal with.

Usually this disease manifests itself early, and its onset is quite severe - coma, loss of consciousness due to excessive high level blood glucose. This should not be allowed to happen, as such conditions pose a threat to life. It is best to immediately contact an endocrinologist as soon as sudden weight loss and other signs are detected.

Much less often the cause of severe weight loss is pheochromacytoma– adrenal tumor, which produces excess hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine. This condition is also characterized

• tachycardia,
• increased nervous excitability,
• headache,
• fatigue,
• stomach pain.

For many, pheochromacytoma leads to the periodic development of paroxysmal conditions, which manifest themselves as nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, sweating and thirst, unmotivated fear or aggression.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Many of the disorders in the digestive system are themselves accompanied by loss of appetite, which becomes the cause of weight loss. However, conditions that are characterized by impaired digestion and absorption lead to sudden weight loss. nutrients. These diseases include:

• gastritis with atrophy,
• peptic ulcer and duodenum,
• enteritis and colitis,
• pancreatitis,
• celiac disease.

They are usually accompanied by various dyspeptic symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea, abdominal pain, a feeling of heaviness, belching or heartburn. Only a doctor can diagnose such conditions, and it is necessary not only to pass basic tests, but also to undergo a series of examinations. In most cases, to establish the disease and its cause, it is enough to do a gastroduodenoscopy.

This condition develops with some of the diseases described above - oncological processes and helminthiasis. However, even chronic infectious diseases can lead to the development of intoxication syndrome.

Poisoning of the body toxic substances provokes damage to cellular elements. This leads to increased body temperature, weakness, loss of appetite, nausea and weight loss. Hearth chronic infection it may not manifest itself in any way in the body, but against its background exhaustion will still progress. Only a doctor can detect and eliminate the infection, so you must go to the hospital.

Psycho-emotional disorders

It must be said that sudden weight loss is caused by various psycho-emotional disorders, which are accompanied by loss of appetite or refusal to eat. A decrease in appetite is observed in many people under mental stress, but after leaving the stressful situation he is returning to normal.

More and more cases are being reported anorexia nervosa- a mental disorder that usually affects girls and women. It is manifested by a pathological desire to lose weight, refusal to eat, and inadequate perception of own body. With anorexia, weakness also occurs, menstruation stops, swelling appears, vellus hair appears on the skin, and anemia develops.

Critical dehydration

Sometimes the sudden loss of several kilograms in a matter of days is not due to the burning of fat reserves or loss muscle tissue, but by dehydration. This condition can occur due to prolonged diarrhea (due to infectious diseases of the digestive system or abuse of laxatives), frequent urination, repeated vomiting, and heavy sweating.

In addition to the fact that the weight decreases by several kilograms, thirst, nausea, weakness (even fainting), confusion, skin elasticity decreases, and the pulse quickens. This condition is life-threatening, so the best solution will call an ambulance or go to the clinic yourself, where the volume of lost fluid will be quickly restored with the help of infusion therapy.

Our specialists

Weight loss (emaciation) is a common sign of disease. Sudden weight loss is called emaciation or cachexia (the latter term is more often used to denote extreme exhaustion). Moderate weight loss can be not only a symptom of a disease, but also a variant of the norm, due to the constitutional characteristics of the body, for example, in people with an asthenic body type.

The basis for weight loss may be insufficient or malnutrition, impaired absorption of food, increased breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the body and increased energy expenditure (exogenously and endogenously caused). Often these mechanisms are combined. At various diseases the time of onset, severity, and specific mechanisms of weight loss vary significantly.

Causes of weight loss

Weight loss can be caused by both external factors (restricted food intake, injury, infection) and internal factors (metabolic disorders, digestion and absorption of nutrients in the body).

Causes	Mechanisms	Conditions
Restricting food intake	Impaired consciousness	Traumatic brain injuries, strokes.
	Swallowing disorder	Tumors, narrowing of the esophagus, larynx.
	Decreased appetite	Anorexia nervosa, intoxication.
Indigestion	Impaired digestion of proteins and fats	Atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis
	Malabsorption of nutrients	Celiac disease, enteritis, colitis.
Metabolism (metabolism) disorder	The predominance of destruction processes (catabolism) over synthesis processes	Severe injuries, burns, malignant neoplasms, endocrine pathology, diseases connective tissue.

What diseases cause weight loss:

For any malignant neoplasms in the body of patients, the tumor takes away cellular metabolites (glucose, lipids, vitamins), which leads to disruption of biochemical processes, depletion of internal resources occurs and cachexia (exhaustion) develops. It is characterized by severe weakness, decreased ability to work and the ability to care for oneself, decreased or lack of appetite. In many cancer patients, cancer cachexia is the immediate cause of death.

Weight loss, as a leading symptom, is characteristic of a certain endocrine pathology (thyrotoxicosis, hypopituitarism, type 1 diabetes). In these conditions, the production of various hormones is disrupted, which leads to a serious disorder of metabolic processes in the body.

Thyrotoxicosis is a syndrome that includes conditions caused by an increase in thyroid hormones in the blood. Increased processes of protein and glycogen breakdown occur in the body, their content in the heart, liver, and muscles decreases. It is manifested by general weakness, tearfulness, and unstable mood. Troubling attacks of heartbeat, arrhythmias, sweating, hand tremors. An important symptom is a decrease in body weight with preserved appetite. Occurs in diffuse toxic goiter, toxic adenoma, and the initial stage of autoimmune thyroiditis.

Hypopituitarism– a syndrome that develops due to insufficient secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland. Occurs with pituitary tumors, infectious diseases (meningoencephalitis). It manifests itself as a progressive decrease in body weight (up to 8 kg per month) with the development of exhaustion (cachexia), severe general weakness, dry skin, apathy, decreased muscle tone, and fainting.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a disease caused by an absolute deficiency of insulin as a result of autoimmune damage to the beta cells of the pancreas, which leads to disruption of all types of metabolism and, above all, carbohydrate metabolism (there is an increase in glucose in the blood and its excretion in the urine). The onset of the disease occurs in childhood and adolescence, and progresses quickly. Most frequent symptoms diseases are thirst, frequent urination, dry and itchy skin, progressive loss of body weight despite increased appetite, abdominal pain.

Intoxication syndrome is characteristic of infectious diseases, tuberculosis, and helminthiasis. The causative agent of the disease, penetrating the human body, releases toxins that have a damaging effect on cellular structures, disrupt immune regulation and the function of various organs and systems is disrupted. It is manifested by febrile or subfebrile temperature, loss of appetite, loss of body weight, increased sweating, and weakness. A significant decrease in body weight is typical for long-term, chronic infections.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and characterized by the formation of specific granulomas in different organs and tissues. The most common form of tuberculosis is pulmonary tuberculosis, which, in addition to intoxication syndrome, is characterized by a dry cough or with sputum, shortness of breath, chest pain associated with breathing, hemoptysis, and pulmonary hemorrhage.

It is typical for helminthiasis gradual development diseases, weakness, abdominal pain associated with eating, weight loss, with preserved appetite, itchy skin, allergic rashes, like urticaria.

Significant loss of body weight, up to cachexia, not associated with dietary habits as a result of immune disorders, is characteristic of connective tissue diseases - systemic scleroderma and polyarteritis nodosa.

Systemic scleroderma manifested by damage to the skin of the face and hands in the form of “dense” swelling, shortening and deformation of the fingers, pain and a feeling of stiffness in the muscles, damage to internal organs.

For polyarteritis nodosa characterized by skin changes - marbling of the limbs and torso, intense pain in calf muscles, increased blood pressure.

Weight loss is typical for most diseases gastrointestinal tract. Acute or chronic inflammation leads to a change in metabolism towards catabolism (destruction), the body's need for energy increases, and the processes of absorption and digestion of food are disrupted. To reduce abdominal pain, patients often limit their food intake themselves. And dyspepsia (nausea, vomiting, loose stool) lead to losses of proteins, microelements, electrolytes, which leads to disruption of the delivery of nutrients to tissues.

Nutritional dystrophy is a disease that occurs due to prolonged malnutrition and starvation, in the absence of an organic disease that could cause weight loss. It is characterized by a progressive decrease in body weight. There are 2 forms: cachectic (dry) and edematous. In the initial stages, it is manifested by increased appetite, thirst, and severe weakness. There are disturbances in water and electrolyte metabolism, amenorrhea (absence of menstruation). Then weakness increases, patients lose the ability to care for themselves, and a hungry (nutritional-dystrophic) coma develops. Causes of the disease: social disasters (hunger), mental illness, anorexia nervosa (refusal to eat due to a desire to lose weight).

Weight Loss Screening

To detect weight loss, somatometric indicators are determined. These include: dynamics of body weight loss, Quetelet body mass index (body weight-kg/height m²), shoulder circumference (in the area of ​​the middle third of the shoulder of the non-working arm).

Using laboratory indicators, the severity of weight loss is determined, possible reasons. IN general analysis blood reveals an inflammatory process, anemia. Diabetes mellitus is determined by a blood glucose test. The levels of the hormones TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), T3 and T4 (thyroid hormones) are examined to assess the function of the thyroid gland. Biochemical blood parameters: liver tests (to assess liver function), creatinine (detection renal failure), electorolites. Proteinogram and acute phase proteins are examined to assess the degree of protein starvation and determine the inflammatory process. Rheumatic tests - to identify connective tissue diseases and immunodeficiency states. Analysis of feces for helminth eggs. According to indications, specific antibodies to pathogens of infectious diseases, HIV infection, tumor markers, and markers of tuberculosis are determined. They also conduct studies of the gastrointestinal tract: fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, ultrasound of organs abdominal cavity. X-ray of organs chest– to identify the inflammatory process, tuberculosis, oncopathology.

When identifying the corresponding pathology, consultations with specialists are necessary: ​​infectious disease specialist, rheumatologist, phthisiatrician, oncologist, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist.

If organic pathology is excluded and the diagnosis of anorexia nervosa is confirmed, an examination by a psychiatrist is necessary.

Weight loss treatment

Treatment for weight loss should begin as early as possible, avoiding the development of severe exhaustion, which is difficult to treat, until clinical, laboratory and somatometric parameters stabilize. First of all, you need to establish nutrition. It should be fractional 6-8 times a day, balanced, contain an increased amount of proteins, vitamins, have sufficient energy value, in combination with medicines, improving digestion and absorption of food. It is necessary to limit rough vegetable fiber, exclude fried, salted, pickled foods, alcoholic drinks, spicy seasonings. In case of impaired consciousness, severe nausea, vomiting, enteral nutrition (through a tube) or parenteral nutrition (intravenously) is administered with special nutritional mixtures.

Which doctors should I contact if weight loss occurs:

The changes that occur in the body during weight loss cause serious disorders of the digestive system, metabolism, weaken the immune defense, and cause dysfunction of the endocrine glands, therefore, when the first signs of a symptom appear, you should immediately consult a doctor general practice(generalist, pediatrician, family doctor).

You may also need to consult a doctor:

Endocrinologist
- Oncologist
- Gastroenterologist
- Psychologist
- Infectious disease specialist

Regardless of gender, everyone wants to be in perfect physical shape and lose weight. If the result is achieved through a competent diet and significant physical activity, then in such cases everything is quite natural, especially in men. If you start running every day, swimming in the pool or exercising gym, then a man will be able to lose everything unnecessary in a fairly short time.

This happens thanks to a special hormone testosterone, which is produced in the body during physical activity and promotes the rapid burning of accumulated fat.

If a man begins to quickly lose weight, and there is a sharp weight loss, without making absolutely no effort for this process, it is necessary to seek medical help. Regardless of the reasons for such weight loss, their essence will be the same - serious problems with health.

Emotional overload and male weight

The most common reason for sudden weight loss is stress and all the situations that are associated with it. IN modern life There are quite a lot of cases when a man can succumb to emotional stress, and this leads to sudden weight loss. This can happen not only at work, but also at home or just on vacation. There are even statistics that clearly show that after the slightest stressful situation, the scales needle begins to jump to a higher mark in a man, and these are significant reasons. In addition, against the background of nervous experiences, a man may experience:

• sleep disorders;
• frequent headaches;
• excessive irritability;
• absent-mindedness;
• rapid fatigue;
• depression.

Often, the male body is able to independently cope with any life situations. However, if this cannot be achieved, then the process begins to worsen, accompanied by weight loss, and the reasons for this are always on the surface. In such cases, it is better not to delay and consult a doctor.

The connection between stress and weight loss can be easily explained by the fact that the male body, suffering from hidden ailments, tries with all its might to draw a lack of energy from deposits of fat and muscle tissue. It's happening in the background good nutrition, which leads to even greater worries.

Losing weight without a valid reason is a direct indication to undergo a thorough examination to identify diseases that could be a prerequisite for weight loss.

Thyroid and weight

There are quite a few cases where weight problems in men arise as a result of various pathological processes in the thyroid gland. In cases where problems begin with an organ, the human body begins to feel the accelerated formation of compounds. As a result, lightning-fast burning of calories begins, which enter the man’s body with food.

Even in the case of enhanced nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle, the process of losing weight is almost impossible to stop. In the absence of timely medical care amid problems with thyroid gland hyperthyroidism begins. This disease is characterized by excessive production of thyroid hormones.

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism:

• rapid weight loss (up to 10 kilograms) in the absence of problems with appetite;
• rapid heartbeat (from 120 to 140 beats per minute);
• excessive sweating (even in the cold season);
• tremor of fingers;
• sleep disturbance;
• sexual dysfunction.

The only way to prevent the occurrence of hyperthyroidism or get rid of it at the very beginning of its development is to contact an endocrinologist. It is at the initial stage of the disease that unreasonable loss of kilograms will not yet begin to occur.

With timely examination, it will be possible to make a correct diagnosis and begin effective treatment.

Weight loss and diabetes

The reasons for rapid weight loss may lie in diabetes mellitus. This disease is too serious and insidious. At the very beginning of its course, a constant and irresistible desire to consume food may arise. large quantities while losing weight.

Signs of developing diabetes mellitus:

• constant feeling thirst;
• excessive irritability;
• the smell of acetone from the oral cavity, as well.

In addition, diabetes is characterized by the occurrence of short-term fainting states.

If we talk about the initial stage of the disease, then the man does not feel any other discomfort except weight loss, although the reasons for such weight loss are on the surface.

At the slightest suspicion of diabetes, for example, if you find yourself characteristic symptoms, first of all, you will need to donate blood. This is required to determine the sugar level in it.

Other reasons for losing weight

There are other prerequisites for weight loss in men, for example, oncology, for example, it also manifests itself in weight loss. A man can seriously lose weight if he develops cancer in any organ of the digestive system. However, such a sign is not inherent in the initial stage of this serious disease. As a rule, such a symptom begins to appear around the third stage of the disease and cannot be used for diagnosis.

In addition, you can lose weight if you have helminthic infestations in your body. Helminths can be found not only in children, but also in adults. They can be suspected when a man loses weight in the following situations:

• appetite suddenly disappeared;
• appeared discomfort around the anus;
• digestive disorders begin;
• suffer from constipation or diarrhea;
• there is constant weakness, even after a good rest;
• possible increase in body temperature.

It has been proven that helminthic infestations can cause rapid baldness in men.

Rapid fat loss and muscle mass and sudden weight loss may indicate not only these diseases in men. This symptom can also become characteristic of:

1. tuberculosis;
2. poor nutrition;
3. infectious diseases;
4. drug addiction;
5. problems with the gastrointestinal tract.

Weight loss- a sharp spontaneous decrease in body mass index over a wide range. Despite the often-used definition of “unreasonable weight loss,” it is never truly unexplained. The factors are either pathological (which happens more often) or physiological. According to medical statistics, approximately 15% of healthy men experience the described problem. Another 15% suffer from endocrine and other pathologies and do not suspect it until a certain moment. Why does the weight seem healthy man starts to decline?

Sudden weight loss - alarming symptom which requires immediate medical attention

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Diet

The most obvious answer to the question of why weight drops sharply may be simple: diet. A certain diet is not always conscious choice person: it is possible to revise the diet for objective reasons, a banal lack of time for food, and the like. If a man is obese, but there are no metabolic problems, weight can decrease rapidly. In the first few days, the mass becomes smaller due to the convergence of swelling. You shouldn’t be afraid of such sudden weight loss - it’s completely physiological. However, you should not lose weight too quickly: this can lead to the appearance of stretch marks and skin problems. Aesthetic medicine is not cheap, and it is almost impossible to cope with the problem on your own. The nutritional factor and dietary errors are one of the main reasons.

Psycho-emotional stress

Stress, depression. Prolonged psycho-emotional stress is quite capable of causing unplanned weight loss. In this case, two factors play a role:

1. The first is eating disorders caused by a person’s depressed state. During severe stress and a depressive state is produced a large number of adrenaline, norepinephrine, cortisol. These substances block the hunger center, suppressing and dulling the desire to eat. The condition is, as they say, “a piece won’t fit in your throat.”
2. On the other hand, the production of these stress hormones in itself helps burn fat deposits and reduce a man’s body weight. The body strives to draw energy from reserves in order to bring the body into a state of homeostasis and normalize the functioning of the nervous and other systems.

Alcoholism and smoking impair metabolism in the body, which leads to weight loss

Bad habits

Smoking and alcohol abuse. As a result of smoking and drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, lipid metabolism in the body is disrupted. Nutrients cease to be absorbed normally, and a deficiency of many important compounds occurs. This doesn't happen right away. The factor is encountered by smokers and alcoholics “with experience” when a physiological dependence develops.

Diseases

Worm infestation

Cancer

Everyone knows that advanced cancer causes dramatic weight loss. The cancer process is a huge stress for the body. Malignant cellular structures are characterized by great “gluttony”. In later stages, the proliferative activity of pathogenic tissues and cells increases so much that all nutrients are required for their own growth. In addition, the body desperately mobilizes all the body's reserves to restore functions and strengthen the immune system. Hence the sharp weight loss and painful thinness of cancer patients.

Pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract

Gastritis, ulcers, hepatitis, cholecystitis in an advanced state lead to the impossibility of normal absorption of nutrients. There is a deficiency of carbohydrates and fats. This condition is fraught with loss of normal body weight.

Diabetes mellitus and other endocrine pathologies

- a real disaster for the body. Normal insulin synthesis is disrupted, glucose is constantly elevated, and a total disturbance of lipid metabolism is observed. Often this condition leads to obesity, but in 20% of cases (approximate data) the opposite effect is observed.

The cause of weight loss can be and. The thyroid gland acts as a kind of cauldron of the human body. If the “heating boiler” begins to work too intensely, the body produces too much energy and, accordingly, heat. For so fast energy metabolism you need a lot of resources, which the body draws by destroying body fat. A patient with hyperthyroidism experiences a constant feeling of heat, neck relief is measured, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), and body temperature rises.

Problems of infectious origin

Infectious diseases “undermine” the body from the inside. The more serious the disease, the more the body mobilizes all its resources. The most serious disease in this group is tuberculosis. If you experience: cough, hemoptysis, difficulty breathing, you need to think about your own health. Weight loss is also typical for HIV infection in the later stages.

What to do if your weight has dropped suddenly?

It is recommended to immediately contact a specialist. First of all, consultation with a therapist is indicated. Then an endocrinologist or gastroenterologist. Problems of endocrinological and gastroenterological profiles are most common. Consultations with an infectious disease specialist or oncologist may be required. Next you need to go full course examinations. Depending on the type of problem, we can talk about:

• X-rays of the lungs. Detects tuberculous changes in lung tissue and neoplasms.
• Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs. Necessary for examining the state of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Endoscopy. Bronchoscopy, FGDS.
• Analysis of stool for worm eggs.
• A general and biochemical blood test to determine the presence or absence of inflammation.
• to exclude sexually transmitted diseases.
• Tuberculin test.
• Hormonal tests (T3, T4, TSH).
• Sugar curve.

It is necessary to promptly identify the factor that caused weight loss. If all tests are negative, the cause should be sought in the nutritional component - poor nutrition.

conclusions

Weight loss - serious sign, often indicating the presence of pathological processes in the body. What kind they are and how serious they are - these questions must be answered by a doctor. It is impossible to figure it out on your own.

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Many people dream of losing excess weight to fit into your favorite jeans or feel free to wear a swimsuit. Losing weight is often a goal for many women. But weight loss, however, can also be a symptom of many diseases. Therefore, if you notice that you are losing weight quickly without... visible reasons, - be careful.

Sometimes a person loses weight without wanting it, and wonders: “why am I losing weight for no reason?” Weight loss that is not the result of your efforts (diet, exercise) is an undesirable condition. It's about about a situation where weight decreases significantly as a result of a lack of nutrients in the body.

Shortage useful substances occurs due to poor nutrition or increased energy needs body for various reasons, such as intense physical activity, illnesses, injuries, surgeries, stress and much more.

Types of weight loss

The main reason why a person loses weight is due to insufficient nutrient intake. This applies to protein, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and microelements. Based on the above, weight loss can be divided into several types:

• Weight loss from lack of energy and protein. In this case, the body turns to the reserve, if there is one. The first step is to use fat reserves. If the weight loss process drags on, the body will begin to use proteins. In extreme cases, with uncontrolled weight loss, it can lead to loss of muscle mass. In addition to using up reserves, the body simultaneously decreases its basic energy needs, which over time reduces them to a minimum (this is the main reason why losing weight on purpose and consciously is not so easy). The man looks unhealthily thin. Such weight loss can be caused by hunger strike, lack of appetite, poor nutrition, indigestion;
• Weight loss with sufficient energy intake but insufficient protein (especially those containing so-called essential amino acids that the body cannot produce itself). This type of weight loss can occur if the body has an increased demand for protein intake. We are talking about a condition caused by multiple injuries (car accident, fall), burns, bedsores;
• Thinness caused by lack of protein. Of course, this fact is a direct threat to the developing organism, especially in young children. Therefore, it is important to monitor your diet and ensure proper intake of nutrients. People who eat insufficient protein may appear normal at first glance, but are critically ill inside.

Etiology of weight loss

Undesirable weight loss is inherent in many pathological conditions:

1. 1. Psychiatric diagnosis. This may include depression, bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder, different kinds dementia. If a person is sick, he automatically reduces the amount of food he eats, suffers from loss of appetite, or simply forgets to eat. Eating disorders represent a separate category of causes of weight loss. The most striking weight loss is accompanied by anorexia, as well as bulimia. Although weight loss in such cases is desirable, it is caused by a certain disease that can lead to serious health problems or even death.
2. 2. Tumor diseases. Known fact that people with cancer lose weight quickly and greatly. Tumor cells are very active and consume more nutrients than healthy tissue cells. Cancer also activates many substances that are involved in metabolism, hormonal and nervous systems. This can lead to rapid destruction of fat deposits and muscle structures, and on the other hand, it weakens appetite and increases the feeling of satiety. The result of this is not only significant weight loss, but also excruciating suffering for the patient.
3. 3. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. This could be a tumor or inflammatory process that reduces the intestines' ability to absorb nutrients. Such processes are most often accompanied by vomiting or prolonged diarrhea. Diseases that cause a person to lose weight sharply include ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, gastrointestinal cancer, and Crohn's disease. There are also diseases that provoke deficiency Food Industry. These are diseases of the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. Do not forget about disorders in the oral cavity, pain and problems with teeth, and swallowing disorders.
4. 4. Functional disorders of the glands internal secretion. The thyroid gland and its increased functionality are often mentioned here. People lose weight as a result of a fast metabolism. Characteristic Features Hyperfunction of the thyroid gland may cause anxiety, rapid heartbeat, trembling, and profuse sweating. A person loses a lot of kilograms, despite the amount of food consumed. The process of losing weight can also be caused by dysfunction of the adrenal glands.
5. 5. Diabetes of both types. In addition to involuntary weight loss, doctors and therapists strongly recommend losing a few kilograms. This will significantly reduce the dose of insulin, and sometimes completely cure. Losing weight must be done under the supervision of a specialist. Frequent urination and thirst may also indicate the presence of diabetes.
6. 6. Multiple organ failure. This applies to dysfunction of the liver, kidneys or heart. In addition, a disease such as obstructive pulmonary disease is accompanied by weight loss.
7. 7. Infectious diseases. As with tumor diseases, the immune system activates, a feeling of satiety appears. During a long period of illness, even with minor symptoms, a person may suddenly begin to lose weight. Significant weight loss is typical of AIDS or tuberculosis.
8. 8. Inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases can also be accompanied by pathological weight loss. Common symptoms include nausea, nonspecific abdominal pain, impaired absorption of nutrients, and increased temperature, which leads to an acceleration of metabolism. A person who has lost weight is in a negative energy balance.
9. 9. Excessive use of drugs, alcohol and tobacco. Buerger's disease, caused by blockage of blood vessels due to tobacco abuse, leads to weight loss in the limbs. Legs and arms lose weight due to atrophy of subcutaneous fat.

Most often, the reason for weight loss is discovered by chance during a medical examination.

Risk group

Weight loss may also be accompanied by other symptoms: weakness, fatigue, mood swings, lack of appetite, inability to swallow, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. In some cases, a person may experience symptoms such as pain, fever. To complete the picture, it should be noted which category of people is at risk of weight loss: Anorexia nervosa in girls is a disease of modern society

Necessary examinations

Remember that you should not engage in self-diagnosis and self-medication. For a correct diagnosis, you should contact qualified specialist. To do this, it is necessary to conduct a number of studies:

• blood tests for hematocrit, hemoglobin, c-reactive protein, which reflects inflammatory processes. To this should be added urine and stool analysis;
• Ultrasound of the necessary organs, gastroscopy, colonoscopy in case of suspicion that the cause of weight loss is in the digestive tract;
• It is also desirable to add targeted screening of the kidneys, heart, and lungs;
• do not forget about possible mental disorders. A psychiatric examination will help to understand this issue.

Everyone can experience weight loss for various reasons. If your weight loss comes with nausea, fatigue, weakness and bad feeling, do not hesitate to visit a doctor for an objective assessment of the current situation.